Templevalley Church and Parish
Niall C.E.J. O’Brien
Templevalley
church ruins lie in the townland of Templevalley in the civil parish of Mogeely
in the Barony of Kinnatalloon in County Cork. Templevalley was until the late
sixteenth century the parish church of Templevalley parish. The parish was then
united with Mogeely parish, which bounded it on the north side and the whole
gradually became known as Mogeely parish. Templevalley church fell into ruins
as the parish church was centred on Mogeely church. The eastern boundary of Templevalley
parish is coterminous with the county boundary between Cork and Waterford.
The
eastern part of Templevalley parish lies in a North-east to South-west valley
between two upland areas. This valley contains the present R627 (formerly known
as L34) road between Tallow at the NE end and Ballynoe, Dungourney and Midleton
in the south-west. It is this valley that gave its name to the parish as
Templevalley means the church in the valley. In Irish the church and parish is
known as Bellagh which means a pass
or valley through which people can pass.[1] Templevalley
church is just a short distance off the R627 on a side road. The townland of
Templevalley has two fulacht fiadh which, based on fiadh located elsewhere that
were radiocarbon dated, are Bronze Age structures.[2]
Thus people have been travelling through the valley for at least 4,000 years.
Templevalley church
The
rectangular church at Templevalley measures 16.3meters East-West and 6.95meters
North-South. The east wall has a central window with a segmental arch over an
embrasure with an unusual stepping head to the light. On the outside this
window has a flat top with right angle shoulders.[3] At
a later unknown time a second line of wall was built on the inside of the east
gable. This wall blocked off the north side of the stepped headed window. The
stepped headed window does not appear in any other known church but it does
have a connection with Templevalley in the castle of Newcastle West, Co.
Limerick. The fifteenth century banqueting hall, known as the Desmond Hall, has
stepped headed windows.[4]
The Earls of Desmond were owners of Newcastle West and were also owners of a
large part of Kinnatalloon from the early fourteenth century.[5] It
is not beyond the bounds of possibility that the rector of Templevalley was a
visitor to Newcastle West and admired the windows in the new two storey
banqueting hall and said something similar would look nice as the east window
of Templevalley church. The ground floor of the banqueting hall was a church in
the thirteenth century and so had religious foundation which would have pleased
the rector.
Towards
the east end of the south wall of Templevalley church is a window ope missing
its light. Beside it to the east is a wall press.[6]
There is another wall press at the south end of the east wall. The west end of
the church is overgrown and it is difficult to identify any doorways. The east
gable wall has a base batter to help the building as the ground slopes away
from the east gable.
The
graveyard/enclosure surrounding Templevalley church is approximately 190 feet
East-West and 123 feet North-South. A public road (post 1840) runs along the
northern boundary with a gateway into the graveyard at the east end of the
north wall. The ground within the graveyard slopes upwards from east to west
with the majority of the graves at the western end of the graveyard nearly at
the same height as the top of the church walls. Most of the visible 18th
to 20th century headstones in the graveyard are at the western end
of the graveyard. In contrast to many ruined medieval churches there appears to
be no visible graves within the church. The north, east and southern sides
surrounding the church also have no visible graves.
Twenty
five feet south of the south-east corner of the church is a near square stone
structure. This structure measures about 40 feet East-West and 26 feet
North-South and outlined by a stone bank of one to two feet in height. An
opening of about 6 feet is opposite the south-east corner of the church. This
opening is 14 feet from the north-east corner of the structure. At 10 feet from
the north-east corner, on the north wall, a short wall of 4 feet partially
divides the interior of the structure. The south wall of the structure is about
10 feet north of the southern boundary of the graveyard. It was said in 1795
that the ruins of a large building stood near the decayed church.[7] Is
the mystery building the large building of 1795? The function of the mystery
building is unclear. It could be a priest’s dwelling house or an earlier church
or maybe a late medieval chantey chapel.
Templevalley in history
It
is said that the history of Templevalley church began with the Knights Templar
in the thirteenth century.[8]
Thus, so the story goes, the Templar association gave the parish the Temple
part of its name. It was further said that Templevalley was a dependent church
on the Templar preceptory at Rhincrew near Youghal.[9]
This association is a fiction and Templevalley, or Bellagh as it was also known in Irish, was always its own parish.[10] The
word Temple, which appears in the name of many parishes, comes from the Irish
word Teampall. In the late eleventh
and early twelfth centuries the word teampall
was applied to many stone churches at that time in possible reference to
Solomon’s Temple of the Old Testament.[11]
This does not suggest that the parishioners of Templevalley church were thinking
of the Old Testament when they built the church. Indeed up until about 1600 the
church and parish was more usually known variously as Bellagh, Belaghy and
Belachocylly. It is only in the seventeenth century when the English version of
the name, Templevalley, became more common.[12] The
period from 800 to 1100, otherwise known as the Viking Age, saw very few new
churches.[13]
Thus it would appear that Templevalley was established in the twelfth century but
the locals were more interested in the pass through the valley than the church
by the pass. This somewhat late arrival of organised Christianity in
Templevalley seems to be confirmed by that absence of any holy well in the
parish.[14]
The
pass between the two uplands, the Bellagh, was used as a route way for at least
4,000 years. The church at Templevalley could have provided travellers with a
blessing as they entered the valley or as a place to give thanks for
successfully passing through the valley. Wild animals and bandits existed up to
the sixteenth century to make travel a challenge for anyone not in a large
group.
Most
medieval church sites lie within a circular enclosure.[15]
The square enclosure around Templevalley church is possibly the work of
seventeenth and eighteenth century land surveyors. Evidence from other churches
like Kileenemer in north Co. Cork show a circular outer enclosure removed
leaving a square modern enclosure around the immediate church site.[16] In
the first edition Ordnance Survey map of 1840 Templevalley church was enclosed
by a square enclosure in the north-east corner of a near square field. It had
no public road access. The old R627 road didn’t pass through Templevalley
townland but further to the east. Indeed, until the second half of the
nineteenth century there was no road access to the church and the dead had to
be carried across two or five fields, depending on your direction of travel, to
reach Templevalley church.
By
1905 a new alignment of the R627 was made close to Templevalley church while
the present by-road running along the north edge of the church enclosure was
also built between 1840 and 1905. The square enclosure of the church appears
therefore to be post medieval in date. In the 1830 tithe applotment the area of
the church and graveyard around Templevalley is given as 3acres 2roots and
16perches while in the 1850 Griffith’s Valuation the graveyard was only 2roots
and 35perches. It would appear that the graveyard and church enclosure was
bigger than in the 1840 OS map.
In
about 1300 King Edward the First secured from the papacy a grant of the tithes
of each parish in England and Ireland to fund his war against Scotland. In the
papal taxation of circa 1302 Templevalley parish, then called Balach, was
valued at 20s and paid 2s as the tax rate was ten per cent. In contrast Aghern
was worth 30s, Knockmourne parish 100s, Mogeely two marks (26s 8d) and Newtown
(Ballynoe) was 12 marks (£8).[17] A
few years later (circa 1306) Templevalley was worth 30s, Aghern 3 marks,
Knockmourne 7½ marks (93s 4d), Mogeely 3 marks (40s) and Newtown 10 marks (£6
13s 4d).[18]
Thus of the four parishes that would in the sixteenth century form the major
portion of the Kinnatalloon barony, Templevalley was the poorest parish. But in
reality the difference may not have been so big as the value of each parish for
the payment of tithes was mainly calculated on the amount of arable land in
each parish. The topography of Templevalley parish is mostly upland and even
today only a small portion of the parish is used for arable crops. Most of the
parish is grassland with large areas of forestry. The value of livestock in
Templevalley could have raised its overall value relative to the other
parishes.
In
both 1302 and 1306 the churches at Templevalley and Mogeely are referred to as
chapels while the surrounding parishes of Aghern, Knockmourne and Newtown the
entry is for the church of these places. This would seem to suggest that the
rectory of Templevalley and Mogeely were held as a prebendary by a canon in
Cloyne cathedral and thus the true value of each parish was possibly included
with the communia of the whole church
of Cloyne.[19]
It
is unknown who was the patron of Templevalley parish in medieval times. The
parish retained its own rectors and was not granted to any monastery. In
contrast Knockmourne was granted to Kilcullihen nunnery in Co. Kilkenny,
possibly by the de Freyne family. In 1464 Aghern and Ballynoe parishes were
given to the new collegiate church of St. Mary’s in Youghal by the Earl of
Desmond.[20]
Before the Normans the area around Templevalley was part of the kingdom of Uí
Liatháin and after the Invasion was part of the cantred of Olethan which
retained the Irish place-name. The Barry family were lords of Olethan and
leased out the area of the four parishes of Aghern, Knockmourne, Ballynoe and
Templevalley to the de Freyne family of Co. Kilkenny. In the fourteen century
the Fitzgerald family acquired the area but, it seems, they took little
interest in Templevalley otherwise it would possibly have being granted to
Youghal church. Within Templevalley parish there was some Anglo-Norman
settlement or organisation of the local Irish population into vills by 1301
such as at Lathbalycolinan (Glenballycullinane), Ballykylle (Glankeale) and
Balynfare (Gurtnafira).[21]
The vill was the basic unit of an agriculture freehold estate. it usually
suggested some form of housing settlement. In later times the vill evolved into
the modern townland.[22]
Interestingly there was no vill recognised in the townland of Templevalley.
Templevalley rectors
The
names of no rectors survive until 1477 when Donnchadh O’Murphy was rector of
Templevalley.[23]
From about 1477 to 1492 Donnchadh O’Murphy was rector of Templevalley but his
position was unsecure as he failed to obtain priestly orders. Prior to 1492
Donnchadh O’Murphy was made a canon in Cloyne cathedral and had converted the
rectory of Mogeely into a prebendary. The earliest record of Donnchadh O’Murphy
as a canon in Cloyne was May 1481 but he could have been there some time before
that.[24]
In 1492 Donnchadh wanted to join Templevalley rectory (worth 1½ marks) with
canonry and prebendary of Mogeely (worth 4 marks). The Pope allowed the union
and rehabilitated Donnchadh for not obtaining priestly orders.[25]
In February 1475 a clerk of the diocese of Cloyne called Donnchadh O’Murphy
held the rectory of Mallow since about 1468 without having ordained to priestly
orders and in February 1475 he successfully secured the position of treasurer
of Cork.[26]
It is not clear if this was the same Donnchadh at Templevalley and Mogeely.
In
1503 Donnchadh Ycomiyill (O’Connell) was said to be rector of Templevalley.[27]
Among the lost papal registers a note in 1503 says that Donatus O’Connell
petitioned Rome for the union of the rectory of Sworthro alias de Belachocyly
with the vicarage of Bryacha (Britway). The rectory of Sworthro alias de
Belachocyly is said to be Gortroe.[28]
In circa 1302 Gortroe was called Inchecolyn and in 1591 was called Gortrow
alias Inchicollin.[29]
Instead Belachocyly, alias Sworthro, appears to be Templevalley.[30]
Templevalley vicars
In
most medieval parishes the rector was the chief priest and he was assisted, or
substituted by, a vicar. In 1497 Edmund Barry was the vicar at Templevalley but
it is unclear if he was under Donnchadh O’Murphy, or Donnchadh O’Connell. In
February 1497 Dermot Yhyhyn (Sheehan), a priest of Cloyne Diocese, petitioned
the pope for Chilsene vicarage (worth 8 marks) which he previously had but was
deprived of it by Donat Offlaguyn (O’Flynn) after litigation. Dermot had
originally got Chilsene (Kilshannig) by paying the previous vicar a sum of
money and so incurring the sentence of simony which led to his removal.[31]
Before gaining Kilshannig, Dermot had received papal dispensation as the son of
a priest and a married woman. In his petition Dermot wanted to recover
Kilshannig and unite it with the vicarage of Balucha (Templevalley) then held
by Edmund Barry, cleric of Cloyne Diocese. In March 1497 Pope Alexander VI
allowed the petition and instructed Edmund Magner, a canon in Cloyne cathedral,
to act as papal judge. Edmund Magner was to rehabilitate Dermot Sheehan of all
his disabilities. He was also to summon Donat O’Flynn and Edmund Barry and
remove them if their respective vicarages were vacant under canon law. Dermot
Sheehan was to have the two vicarages provided the spiritual needs of the
parishioners were not neglected.[32]
It would appear that Dermot Sheehan recovered Kilshannig but it is not clear if
he acquired Templevalley vicarage.
The
combined value of the two vicarages of Kilshannig and Templevalley in 1497 was
14 marks which valued Templevalley at 6 marks.[33]
In February 1499, when Donat O’Flynn lodged a petition to Rome to remove Dermot
Osicham (Sheehan) from Kilshannig, Donat set a value on Kilshannig of 10 marks.[34]
By this amount the value of Templevalley would have been 4 marks in 1497 which
is closer to its usual value of 3 marks.
For
a period of time before February 1499 Thady Omurchu (O’Murphy) held the
vicarage of Belach (Templevalley) until his death. In February 1499 Philip
Ymirechu (O’Murphy), a clerk in Cloyne Diocese, petitioned the pope to grant
him the vacant vicarage of Templevalley and convert the vicarage (then worth 3
marks) into a simple prebend with a seat as a canon in Cloyne cathedral. A
simple prebend was where a cleric would receive the parish tithe income but
without having to perform any church duties. Philip O’Murphy also asked for
dispensation to obtain priestly orders notwithstanding his defect as the son of
a cleric and an unmarried woman. On 20th April 1499 Pope Alexander
VI allowed the petition and the dispensation. Edmund O’Murphy and William
Hanlan, canons in Cloyne cathedral along with John Philip Fitzgerald, canon in
Lismore cathedral, were appointed as papal judges to execute the petition. They
were to arrange with the bishop and chapter of Cloyne to give Philip a canonry
seat in the cathedral and convert the vicarage into a simple prebend. They were
also to ensure that the spiritual needs of the parishioners of Templevalley
were not neglected.[35]
This was possibly done by Philip paying a curate in Templevalley.
In
February 1509 and June 1509 Philip O’Murphy is named as a canon of Cloyne.[36]
If he is the same Philip O’Murphy of Templevalley, then he succeeded in getting
a canonry in Cloyne cathedral. It is unknown if Philip O’Murphy did get
Templevalley vicarage and had it converted into a simple prebend.
Templevalley after the Reformation
Between
the time of Henry VIII and his daughter, Queen Elizabeth, there were three
changes in the state religion of England and Ireland. But by the reign of Queen
Elizabeth the Protestant religion had won and the Protestant Church of Ireland
became the state church. All diocesan and parish property was assumed by the
Church of Ireland. Protestant clergy were appointed to parish churches. The
absence of documents means that it is not until the 1590s that we find the
names of the new Protestant clergy in Templevalley. In 1591 Alexander Gough was
rector of Bealagh (Templevalley). At the same time Alexander Stint was rector
of Mogeely with Daniel Sullivan was the vicar.[37]
In
1615 Peter Carie was named as rector/vicar of Mogeely and Templevalley.[38]
The diocesan visitation of 1615 said that Mogeely church and chancel were in
repair.[39] But
the chancel and nave of Templevalley church was in ruins.[40] Mogeely
parish was valued at £8 while Templevalley parish was worth £4 with the church in
ruins.[41]
In
February 1616 Scipio Stukely was vicar of Mogeely but no mention was made of
Templevalley.[42]
In 1629 John Coop was vicar at Mogeely and rector/vicar at Templevalley. On the
death of John Coop, James Tredennicke was appointed on 9th November
1629 vicar of Mogeely and rector/vicar of Templevalley.[43]
James Tredennicke was also rector/vicar of Shandon in Cork city.[44]
On
10th June 1632 David Thomas, A.M. was appointed rector of Mogeely
and curate of Templevalley.[45]
On 15th January 1626 David Thoma was made a deacon and priest by
Lancelot, Archbishop of Dublin.[46]
On 23rd May 1634 David Thomas was made vicar of Tallow and Lisronagh
in Lismore diocese and held these parishes with Mogeely/Templevalley. The two
parishes of Mogeely and Templevalley were valued in 1634 at £16 for the rector
and £16 for the vicar. The Earl of Cork was the patron as successor of the
Earls of Desmond.[47] On
27th October 1637 Thomas Ledsham was made vicar of Mogeely while
also made vicar of Castlecore.[48]
The situation at Templevalley went unrecorded.
By
1654 the civil authorities had recognised the union of the two parishes of
Mogeely and Templevalley and classified the whole area under the name of
Mogeely.[49]
The Church of Ireland continued to recognise a separate rectory of Templevalley
until after 1721 although usually one man held both rectories at the same time.[50]
In 1661 Lancelot Smith was made rector/vicar of Mogeely and rector of
Templevalley on the death of John Gore. Smith was also prebendary of Coole.[51]
In
1670 Francis Beecher was rector of Mogeely and vicar of Knockmourne.[52]
Francis Beecher was also prebendary of Coole and vicar of Carrigdownane.[53] In
August 1713 Francis Gore was made vicar of Mogeely.[54]
Francis Gore, A.M., also held the prebendary of Killeenemer and in 1717 became
prebendary of Kilmaclenine.[55] It
would appear that both men also held Templevalley but it was not officially
recorded. In 1714 Robert Carleton was
rector of Mogeely and Templevalley on the resignation of Francis Gore.[56]
On 21st March 1721 Robert Carleton, A.M., was appointed dean of
Cork.[57]
Templevalley loses its separate identity
In
1721 Rev. Thomas Squire was rector/vicar of Mogeely and Templevalley on the
resignation of Carleton.[58]
Thomas Squire was also precentor of Cloyne.[59]
It was during the time of Rev. Thomas Squire that Templevalley ceased to have
any separate recognition and its former parish was included under the name of
Mogeely parish.
In
the organisation of the Roman Catholic Church in the eighteenth century,
Templevalley had ceased to exist as a separate parish and was recognised as
part of Mogeely parish. In 1764 Fr. William Lonergan was appointed Catholic
curate-in-charge of the four parishes of Mogeely, Ballynoe, Knockmourne and
Aghern. In 1766 he was assisted by another Catholic curate, Fr. William Murphy.[60]
In
August 1759 Charles Percival was made Church of Ireland rector of Mogeely on
the death of Thomas Squire.[61]
In 1768 Mogeely church was in repair and Rev. Charles Percival lived at
Curraglass.[62]
In 1774 Mogeely parish was worth £250 in tithe income and the church was in
repair with the Bishop of Cloyne as the patron.[63]
The glebe amounted to 5 acres 3 roots and 36 perches. The parish was taxed at
£2 on the rector and £2 on the vicar with the proxies worth 4s.[64]
In
1778 Rev. Charles Percival built a new church at the east end of Curraglass
village on the ground given by Nichols Lysaght. The church could seat 200
people and was paid for by private subscription.[65]
This was the only Protestant church in the united Mogeely/Templevalley parish.
Since before 1774, the Roman Catholic Church had a small chapel in the townland
of Mogeely Upper. In about 1800 this chapel burnt down and was not replaced
until a new church was built in about 1836 at Glengoura Cross.[66]
Templevalley in the 19th century
In
1826 the tithe applotment for Mogeely/Templevalley parish amount to £82 3s 8½d
but none of this amount was collected. The 1827 tithe applotment was £62 12s.
The reduction was possibly by way of encouraging people to pay the tithe tax
which was resisted by many Roman Catholic people across Ireland at that time
who felt aggrieved at paying a tax to support the Protestant Church of Ireland.
In
1837 Mogeely parish was described as a rectory and vicarage with cure measuring
7½ miles long by 2¼ miles wide. The area of the parish, which covered the area
of the two former parishes of Mogeely and Templevalley, was measured at 9,369
acres 1 root and 16 perches for the payment of tithes. The total area of the
parish including roads and other areas excluded from tithe was 9,482acres 2
roots and 21 perches of statute measure. The gross population of the parish was
3,095 people. In 1837 one curate was employed at an annual stipend of £75 with
an allowance of £13 16s 11d for a house. There was no glebe house and 5 acres
of glebe land divided into two plots, one at Templevalley and the other beside
the medieval church at Mogeely.[67]
In
1860 the two plots of glebe land were returned as four acres at Templevalley,
let to tenants, and one acre at Mogeely which was used by the rector, all
valued at £5.[68]
The 1830 tithe applotment gave 3acres 2roots and 16perches as the glebe land in
Templevalley which included the churchyard. In 1850 William O’Mahony of
Templevalley house rented 2acres 2roots and 33perches from Rev. John French
which consisted of a house, outbuildings and land. In 1848 Patrick Keary rented
this ground from William O’Mahony but had gone by 1850; moved away or died in
the Great Famine. The ground was across the road from the graveyard on the
north side. In 1850 the graveyard measured 2roots and 35perches which gave the
glebe land as totalling 3acres 1root and 18perches. The difference between the
3acres 2roots and 16perches of 1830 and the 4acres of 1860 could be just a
rounding up of the acreage or the church acquired an extra 3roots and 22perches
in Templevalley between the years which seems inconsistent with the records and
a rounding up seems more likely.
Templevalley parish
As
Templevalley parish was united with that of Mogeely parish since the early
seventeenth century the extent of its medieval parish was not recorded in the
many government surveys of the seventeenth and subsequent centuries. The
boundary between Templevalley and Mogeely is so far unrecorded. The road
travelling east and west from Glengoura cross roads possibly marked the
division as the road passes along the ridgeway between the parishes. If
Templevalley extended north of the road it would fall into the Bride valley
while if Mogeely parish extended south of the road it would cut off the
townland of Templevalley from the rest of Templevalley parish which seems an
unlikely arrangement.
It
would seem that the following townlands formed Templevalley parish, namely
Templevalley, Lackenbehy, Ballyerrin, Ballyclogh, Lyre, Knockanarrig, Gortnafira,
Kilnafurrery, Rearour North, Rearour South, Monaloo, Sandyhill, Ballyanthony,
Glenacroghery, Reanduff, Kilcronat, Knockacool, Caher, Lacken, Glenkeal,
Ballyknockane, Ballycullane, and Slievedoctor. Glengoura Upper was likely to be
in Templevalley parish while Glengoura Lower was possibly in Mogeely parish.
===============
End
of post
===============
[1] MacCotter, Paul, A History of
the Medieval Diocese of Cloyne (Dublin, 2013), p. 207
[2] Power, Denis & others, Archaeological
Inventory of County Cork, Vol. II, East & South Cork (Dublin, 1994), p.
48, nos. 4145, 4146
[3] Power, Archaeological
Inventory of County Cork, Vol. II, p. 253, no. 5653
[4] OPW, Desmond Hall, visitor’s guide (no date)
[5] Cokayne,
George Edward, The Complete Peerage of
England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom (Gloucester,
1987), vol. IV, p. 772
[6] Power, Archaeological
Inventory of County Cork, Vol. II, p. 253, no. 5653
[7] Anon, Conna in History and
Tradition (Conna, 1998), p. 178
[8] Lewis,
Samuel, Topographical Directory of
Ireland (2 vols. London, 1837), vol. 2, p. 375
[9] Anon, St. Catherine’s Parish: Conna, Ballynoe and
Glengoura, A Christian Heritage (Conna, 2000), p. 8
[10] MacCotter, A History of the
Medieval Diocese of Cloyne, p. 207
[11] Ó Carragáin, Tomás, Churches in Early Medieval Ireland (New
Haven, 2010), pp. 38,
110
[12] MacCotter, A History of the
Medieval Diocese of Cloyne, p. 207
[13] Ó Carragáin, Tomás, Churches in the Irish Landscape AD 400-1100
(Cork, 2021), pp. 220, 282
[14] Anon, St. Catherine’s Parish: Conna, Ballynoe and
Glengoura, A Christian Heritage (Conna, 2000), pp. 46-49
[15] Ó Carragáin, Churches in Early Medieval Ireland, p. 59
[16] Ó Carragáin, Churches in the Irish Landscape AD 400-1100,
p. 157
[17] Sweetman, H.S. (ed.), Calendar
of Documents relating to Ireland (5 vols. London, 1886, reprint
Liechtenstein, 1974 ), vol. 5 (1302-1307), p. 276
[18] Sweetman (ed.), Calendar of
Documents relating to Ireland, vol. 5 (1302-1307), p. 313
[19] Sweetman (ed.), Calendar of
Documents relating to Ireland, vol. 5 (1302-1307), p. 274
[20] MacCotter, A history of the
medieval diocese of Cloyne, pp. 142, 151, 191
[21] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 3
[22] MacCotter, Paul, Medieval
Ireland: Territorial, Political and Economic Divisions (Dublin, 2008), p. 25
[23] MacCotter, A history of the
medieval diocese of Cloyne, p. 197
[24] Twemlow,
J.A. (ed.), Calendar of entries in the
Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland, Papal Letters, Vol.
XIII, 1471-1484 (London, 1955), p. 102
[25] Haren,
Michael J. (ed.), Calendar of entries in
the Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland, Papal Letters, Vol.
XV, Innocent VIII: Lateran Registers, 1484-1492 (Dublin, 1978), no. 874
[26] Twemlow
(ed.), Calendar of Papal Registers, Papal
Letters, Vol. XIII, 1471-1484, pp. 127, 393, 404
[27] MacCotter, A history of the
medieval diocese of Cloyne, p. 207
[28] Haren,
Michael J. (ed.), Calendar of entries in
the Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland, Papal Letters, Vol.
XIX, 1503-1513, Julius II, Lateran Registers, Part Two (Dublin, 1998), no.
929, p. 666
[29] MacCotter, A history of the
medieval diocese of Cloyne, p. 175
[30] MacCotter, A history of the
medieval diocese of Cloyne, p. 207
[31] MacCotter, A history of the
medieval diocese of Cloyne, p. 190
[32] Fuller,
Anne P. (ed.), Calendar of entries in the
Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland, Papal Letters, Vol. XVI,
Alexander VI (1492-1503): Lateran Registers, Part Two, 1492-1498 (Dublin,
1986), no. 742
[33] Fuller
(ed.), Calendar of Papal Registers, Papal
Letters, Vol. XVI, Part Two, 1492-1498, no. 742
[34] Fuller,
Anne P. (ed.), Calendar of entries in the
Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland, Papal Letters, Vol. XVII,
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[35] Fuller
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[36] Haren
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[37] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 197
[38] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 197
[39] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 201
[40] Anon, St. Catherine’s Parish: Conna, Ballynoe and
Glengoura, A Christian Heritage, p. 9
[41] Brady, W.
Maziere, Clerical and Parochial records
of Cork, Cloyne and Ross (3 vols. London, 1864), vol. II, p. 349
[42] Anon, St. Catherine’s Parish: Conna, Ballynoe and
Glengoura, A Christian Heritage, p. 105
[43] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 197
[44] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350
[45] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 198
[46] Casey, Albert Eugene & Thomas O’Dowling (eds.), OKief, Coshe Many, Slieve Loughter and Upper
Blackwater (15 vols. Wisconsin, 1964), vol. 6, p. 867
[47] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350
[48] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350
[49] Pender, Séamus (ed.), A
census of Ireland circa 1659 with essential materials from the Poll Money
Ordnances 1660-1661 (Dublin, 2002), p. 234
[50] MacCotter, A history of the
medieval diocese of Cloyne, p. 207
[51] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350; Anon, Conna
in History and Tradition, pp. 198, 202
[52] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 198
[53] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350
[54] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 198
[55] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350
[56] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 198
[57] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350
[58] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 198
[59] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350
[60] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 188
[61] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 198
[62] Gurrin, Brian, Kerby A. Miller & Liam Kennedy (eds.), The Irish Religious Censuses of the 1760s:
Catholic and Protestants in Eighteenth-Century Ireland (Dublin, 2022), p. 434
[63] Casey & O’Dowling (eds.), OKief,
Coshe Many, Slieve Loughter and Upper Blackwater, vol. 6, p. 867
[64] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 350
[65] Casey & O’Dowling (eds.), OKief,
Coshe Many, Slieve Loughter and Upper Blackwater, vol. 6, p. 867
[66] Anon, St. Catherine’s Parish: Conna, Ballynoe and
Glengoura, A Christian Heritage, pp. 9, 10
[67] Anon, Conna in History and Tradition, p. 198
[68] Brady, Clerical and Parochial records of Cork,
Cloyne and Ross, vol. II, p. 351
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