English estates of the Earl of Ormond in 1463

English estates of the Earl of Ormond in 1463

Niall C.E.J. O’Brien

On 4^th November 1461 James Butler, Earl of and Wiltshire and Ormond, was attained by Act of Parliament in England along with his brothers, John and Thomas. In October 1462 the attainder was extended to Ireland. By this date James Butler was dead as he was beheaded on 1^st May 1461. James Butler and his brothers were supporters of the House of Lancaster which House was heavily defeated at the Battle of Towton (the Earl escaped the battle but was captured later at Cockermouth by Richard Salkeld). The new king, Edward IV of the House of York, declared forfeit many supporters of the Lancastrians including the Butlers.[1]

James Butler was the son and heir of James Butler, 4^th Earl of Ormond, by his first wife Joan, daughter of William Beauchamp, Lord Abergavenny, by Joan, daughter of Richard Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel. James succeeded his father as 5^th Earl in 1452 and spent much of his life in England yet he was Viceroy of Ireland on a number of occasions. On 8^th July 1449 he was created Earl of Wiltshire in the English peerage. James Butler first married (1438) Avice, daughter and heir of Sir Richard Stafford by his wife Maud (she married secondly to John Arundel, Earl of Arundell) daughter and heir of Sir Robert Lovell (younger son of John, 5^th Lord Lovell) by his wife Elizabeth.

Avice Butler died in 1457 and James Butler married secondly Eleanor Beaufort. Eleanor Beauford was the sister and co-heir of Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, son of Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset by his wife Eleanor (widow of Thomas, Lord Ros), daughter and co-heir of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick.[2]

This article contains an account of the English property owned by the Earl of Ormond when he was attained which was a substantial estate. The Irish property of the Earl is well documented in the six volumes Calendar of Ormond Deeds, edited by Edmund Curtis (Stationery Office, Dublin, 1932-1943) and in Irish Monastic and Episcopal Deeds, edited by Newport B. White (Stationery Office, Dublin, 1936).

London

At the north end of Garlick Hill in London, the Earl of Ormond owned a site called Ormondisinne.[3]

Worcestershire

On 25^th October 1463 Thomas Hubaude, escheator of Worcestershire recorded that the Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond was seized of a number of properties in the County. James Butler held the manor of Gannow, worth £16 net per year, of Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Thomas Littleton, deceased, as of her manor of Frankley, by fealty and a rent of 3s per year.[4]

On 20^th November 1445 Walter, Lord Hungerford, Bartholomew Brokesby and John Daundesey granted the manor of Gannow to James Butler, son and heir of the 4^th Earl of Ormond, with all the messuages within the towns of Frankley, Chadwick, Taddenhurst, Willingwick and elsewhere in Worcestershire. All these lands except Frankley lie in the parish of Bromsgrove. The three grantees had held this property from Joan de Beauchamp, Lady of Abergavenny, Richard de Beauchamp, Earl of Worcester, Richard Delamere, John Braaz and Nicholas Saucer, all deceased.[5]

James Butler, Earl of Ormond, held Old Swinford in Worcester, which was worth £7 net yearly, and held of Sir Maurice Berkeley as of his manor of Weoley.[6] This manor was formerly part of the estate of John, Lord Somery. He died without issue and his property passed to his sisters and co-heirs. One of these sisters married Thomas Botecourt and by descent came to the Berkeley family. The Butler’s possibly got it from Joan Beauchamp, Lady Abergavenny, who went out of her way to acquire as much property as possible for her three Butler grandchildren.[7]

The Earl of Ormond also held the manor of Hagley from Sir Maurice Berkeley, worth £16 net per year.[8] In 1351 Sir John Botetourt recovered Hagley from the under-tenant family of Edmund Hagley and held it until about 1375 when Henry Hagley, son of Edmund recovered it. In 1412 Henry Hagley sold it to Thomas Walwyn and others. Afterwards they sold it to Joan Beauchamp, Lady Abergavenny and after her death in 1435 she conveyed it to James Butler.[9]

Also in Worcester the Earl of Ormond held the manor of Upton Snodsbury from John Albury and worth £17 net yearly.[10] Westminster abbey was the overlord of Upton Snodbury. In about 1400 Peter de Wick sold Upton Snodbury and Wick Burnell to Hugh Burnell. In 1417 Hugh Burnell sold Upton Snodbury to Joan Beauchamp, Lady Abergavenny who subsequently gave it to James Butler.[11]

Following his attainder the manors of Gannow, Old Swinford, Cradley, Hagely and Upton Snodbury were taken into the king’s hand.[12] Cradley and Old Swinford came from the old estate of John, Lord Somery.[13]

Staffordshire

On 26^th October 1463 Thomas Erdeswyk, escheator of Staffordshire, made an inquisition of the lands of James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond. In the county, the Earl possessed the manor of Mere of the king in chief and worth £20 net per year.[14] King John granted the manor to Ralph de Somery. In 1272 his grandson, Roger de Somery, held the manor. Later in the fifteenth century the manor came to James Butler from the Botetourt family via Joan Beauchamp, Lady Abergavenny and was formerly part of the estate of John, Lord Somery.[15]

The Earl held the manor of Handworth, worth £20 net per year, of the king in chief.[16] This manor was formerly part of the Botetourt estate and was inherited by them from John, Lord Somery.[17] In 1417 Hugh Burnell, husband of Joyce Botetourt, granted Mere, Handworth and Clent to Joan Beauchamp, Lady Abergavenny, and others. Lady Abergavenny subsequently granted all these manors to James Butler.[18]

The third manor held of the king in chief, in Staffordshire, by the Earl of Ormond was Clent worth £4 4s net yearly.[19] In 1272 Roger de Somery held Clent with the advowson of the church. Later the manor was part of the estate of John, Lord Botetourt (d.1386), and came to James Butler via his grandmother Joan Beauchamp, Lady Abergavenny,[20]

After his attainder the three manors were taken into the king’s hand. On 28^th February 1466 Sir Walter Wrottesley was granted the manors along with the advowson of Forton (another Butler property).[21]

Leicestershire

On 16^th September 1464, William Assheby, escheator of Leicester, held an inquisition into the estates of James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond. The jury found that the Earl held the manor of Ashby de la Zouch long before his attainder (worth £29 4s per year net).[22] A petition to the king in 1467 by Sir Richard Bingham, Sir Thomas Ferrers, John Aston and William Berkeley for possession of the manor recorded the history of the manor since 1304. In that year Alan le Zouche gave the manor by gift to William Por of Swavesey, chaplain. The chaplain returned the manor to Alan for life with reminder to William le Zouche of Richard’s Castle. William le Zouche had the manor in the time of King Edward III and was succeeded in turn by his son, Alan, his grandson Hugh le Zouche (d.1399), and then William’s daughter Joyce and her son John.

John was succeeded by his daughter Joyce who died without issue. The sisters of John, also called Joyce (wife of Sir Adam Peasenhall) and Katherine then had the manor. Baldwin son of Joyce then succeeded and was followed by Margaret (wife of Richard Bingham), Elizabeth (mother of Sir Thomas Ferrers) and Joyce (wife of Hugh Stranley and mother of Robert and grandmother of John Aston). The aforementioned Katherine was mother of Maurice and grandmother of William Berkeley.[23]

In 1417 the Stranley family granted property in Worcestershire, Warwickshire and Staffordshire to Nicholas Rugeley and his wife Edith who subsequently granted it to Joan Beauchamp. In 1419 the Peasenhalls granted their third to Joan Beauchamp who settled the estates upon her grandson, James Butler.[24]

On 14^th October 1448 James Butler, soon to be 1^st Earl of Wiltshire, had seisin of Ashby de la Zouch and enfeoffed it to Ralph Lord Sudeley, Sir William St. George, Richard Bingham, Robert Stoneham and more than eight others. Before 4^th March 1463 Sir John Lovell (cousin of the Earl’s wife) seized the manor and expelled the Earl’s servants. Sir John Lovell held the manor until the attainder of the Earl of Ormond when the manor was seized into the king’s hand.[25] Subsequently on 26^th October 1463 the manor was granted to Sir William Hastings. The petitioners of 1467 wish to remove William Hastings but failed and the manor remained an important set of the Hastings family for many generations.[26] 

Devonshire

On 18^th June 1465 Thomas Dowriche and John Bygelde held an inquisition in Exeter into the property of the Earl of Ormond. They found the Earl held the manor of Torbryan, worth £20 per year net by an unknown tenure. After his attainder and death the manor was taken into the king’s hand.[27]

This manor came to James Butler (Earl of Wiltshire to be) in 1445 from the inheritance of his wife Avice Stafford. When Avice’s step brother died in 1438 Avice inherited from her mother six manors in Devon including an island, nine in Dorset, two in Essex, two in Gloucestershire, four in Kent, six in Suffolk, six in Somerset, other holdings in Suffolk and Somerset and Walwyns Castle in Pembrokeshire. Initially Walwyns castle was not settled on James Butler but after the death of Avice in 1457 it was taken by the Butler family and remained, with all the other property, in the family until the forfeiture of 1461.[28] This information shows that the inquisitions miscellaneous relating to the English estates of the Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond in 1463 did not include all his property in that country.

Among the Devon manors forfeited by James Butler in 1461 included Slapton, Northam, Londay, Clifton, Hardnesse and Dartmouth. On 2^nd July 1465 these were granted to George, Duke of Clarence.[29]

Gloucestershire

In Gloucestershire, James Butler held the manors of Coldaston, Oxenhale and Graunsomysode. Coldaston was an ancient manor of the Pipard family, held of the Bishop of Worcester and in 1309 was owned by Ralph Pipard. By 1338 James Butler, 1^st Earl of Ormond, held Coldaston.[30] On 3^rd March 1466 the three manors were granted to Walter Devereux along with property belong to other forfeited estates.[31]

The Pipard inheritance

The Anglo-Irish family of Pipard left the Butler family large English estates in 1331. By the reversion of John Pipard (d.1331) his family’s estates passed to the brother of his wife Maud. In 1461 many Pipard manors were forfeited by James Butler. These included Long Compton (Warwickshire), Smeetham (Essex), Aston Blank, also called Coldaston (Gloucester), Great Linford (Buckinghamshire) and Rotherfield Pipard and Fritwell (both in Oxfordshire).[32]

Also in 1331 the Butler family also acquired Pipard lands in Ireland. At that time the Butler family were far from the great landed force they were in the later middle ages. Their more extensive holding was located in County Tipperary but much of this was under the control of local Irish families. The palatine liberty of Tipperary was not granted until 1347. In County Kilkenny their principle castle was at Gowran and the surrounding barony. They also held scattered property in Carlow and Wicklow. The chief stronghold of the later Butler family, Kilkenny castle, was not acquired until the 1390s from Hugh Despenser.[33] The English estates acquired by the Butlers were therefore of significance in the overall financial position of the family.

Kilkenny Castle

Dorset

Away from the published inquisitions into the forfeited property of James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire, other documents, such as the patent rolls provided evidence of property held by the Earl in other places as in Dorset. On 2^nd July 1465 George, Duke of Clarence received a granted of Netherkencombe, Wroxhall, Tolre Porcorum, Harelbere, Childefrome and Maperton in Dorset. These were formerly owned by James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire.[34] In about 1347 Reginald le FitzHerbert held Maperton.[35] In 1303 John de Ingham held Tolre Porcorum and later by Henry, Duke of Lancaster. John, Earl of Arundel, and his wife, Matilda, held it in the fifteenth century.[36] Matilda, or Maud, was the daughter of Robert Lovell by Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Sir Guy Bryene and the mother of Avice Stafford, wife of the Earl of Wiltshire.[37]

Surrey

Shere in Surrey was another manor forfeited by James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond. It was previously owned by the FitzJohn family.[38]

Suffolk and Essex

On 23^rd December 1461 the new king granted to Thomas Walgrave a number of properties formerly held by James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire, in Suffolk and Essex. These properties included Merkis in Raydon Hall, Moresfor in Waldingfeld, and Overhall and Silvestres Hall (both in Bures) in Suffolk along with Foxherd Hall, Liston and Weston in Essex. On 30^th March 1465 Thomas Walgrave and others along with the sheriffs of Suffolk and Essex and other counties were commissioned to examine all the properties formerly owned by James Butler in those counties and all the associated rights such as advowsons, rents and fees.[39]

On 17^th February 1462 the king granted the former Butler manor of Aketon (held c.1300 by John de Hodeboville) in Suffolk to Thomas Colt. On 24^th February 1462 the king granted to John Howard the former Butler manors of Layham (held by John de Leyham in 1290) and Wherstede in Suffolk and Smethton Hall in Essex.[40] James Butler also held the former Pipard manor of Smeetham in Bulmer, Essex at the time of his forfeiture.[41]

Somerset

On 4^th September 1464 the king granted to his brother, George, Duke of Clarence, the castles and manors of Wodeford and Wroxsale in Somerset along with numerous manors formerly held by the Earl of Kent. The two Somerset manors were formerly held by James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire.

Elsewhere in Somerset, James and Avice Butler acquired in 1445-6 from William Beof the manors of Shokerwyk, Btheneston, Kingesdon, Somerseton Erle, Somerton Randolf and Downheved. James Butler, the future Earl of Wiltshire further got nine messuages, 368 acres of land, 92 acres of meadow, 40 acres of pasture and eighty acres of wood along with 28s in rent in the manors of Batheneston, Kingsdon, Somerton Erle and Somerton Randolf with the advowson of Kingsdon. This grant also included property in Essex, Devon, Gloucester, Kent, Suffolk and Dorset.[42]

The Earl of Wiltshire also held Blagdon in 1461 which was formerly held by the Martin family and in 1386 by John, Lord Audley. Huntspill was another Butler manor at forfeiture. On 2^nd July 1465 George, Duke of Clarence, received other properties in Somerset of the late Earl of Wiltshire including Kingston by Ilchester, Somerton Erleigh, Bathereston, Brene, Exton, Belewton, Pensford and Shokerwyke.[43]

In 1309 John Pipard acknowledge gift of Belweton and Brene to Edmund Butler with occupation after the death of John. In 1332 Brene and Belweton were the property of James Butler, 1^st Earl of Ormond. In 1427 James Butler, 4^th Earl of Ormond, granted Belweton to Sir John Inyn and his wife Edith for life with reversion to the Earl. For this they gave James Butler 300 marks. In 1420 James Butler, 4^th Earl of Ormond, held Exton and Pensford of the king.[44]

Shropshire

The manor of Pitchford was owned by Hugh Burnell in 1420. In 1421 a number of his Shropshire manors were settled on his granddaughter, Katherine and her husband, John Talbot. Pitchford was not in this settlement. Instead it was sold to Joan Beauchamp who gave it to James Butler and in 1461 was forfeited along with his other property.[45]  

Warwickshire

In 1461 James Butler held the manor of Long Compton. It was another Pipard manor acquired in the fourteenth century. Bidford was another Butler manor in Warwickshire but was granted in 1453 to William, Lord Lovell.[46]

Lands elsewhere

In addition to the above lands owned by James Butler, 1^st Earl of Wiltshire and 5^th Earl of Ormond, the family had other property interests in England over the years. These include timber rights in an oak forest in the park called The Vacherye in Surry. This park in Cranley came to the Butler family in 1297 via Joan FitzGeoffrey, wife of Theobald Butler (d.1285) and daughter of John FitzGeoffrey, justiciar of Ireland.[47] On 18^th February 1437 James Butler, 4^th Earl of Ormond, sold sixty-one oak trees to Thomas Wright, citizen and merchant of London. Thomas Wright could choose these trees from eighty oaks trees marked by the Earl and his associates, John Neelle, master of the House of St. Thomas of Acres in London and John Battescombe.[48]

On 11^th March 1465 the king granted to John Donne and his wife Elizabeth numerous manors across England and Wales including the castle and manor of Telaharn in South Wales formerly held by James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire.[49]

At the manors of Bideford-on-Avon and Broom (both in Warwickshire), James Butler, 4^th Earl of Ormond, received the right of reversion of both manors, with others, from Joan Beauchamp, Lady of Abegavenny. The manors had previously been grant to Thomas Harewell and others by Lady Abergavenny and her associates. When Thomas died in November 1443 the inquisition jury said the manors ought to remain with the Earl of Ormond and nine others.[50]

At an earlier time the 3^rd Earl of Ormond, possessed the manor of Twyford in Buckinghamshire. In 1394 Sir Thomas Giffard held Twyford from the then Earl. Before 1452 it was sold to the Giffard family. In the thirteenth century Twyford was held by the Earls of Pembroke and after 1254 by Ralf Fitz Nicholas who took the Pipard name. From the Pipards it descended to the Earls of Ormond. In 1328 James Butler, Earl of Ormond, was granted free warren at Twyford.[51] 

After the death of the Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond

James Butler was beheaded on 1^st May 1461 leaving no estate and his great estates in England and Ireland in the hands of the Yorkist government. In or before 1470 Eleanor Beaufort, the Earl’s widow, married Sir Robert Spenser of Spensercombe in Devonshire and died on 15^th August 1501. Eleanor Beaufort had two daughters by Sir Robert Spenser, namely Catherine (wife of Algernon Percy, Earl of Northumberland) and Margaret (wife of Thomas Cary).[52]

James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond, left no children and the Earldom of Wiltshire became extinct. The attainder against the Earl in Ireland was annulled on 21^st July 1475 and James Butler’s heir, his brother John Butler, could rightfully call himself 6^th Earl of Ormond and inherited the Irish estates. John Butler died unmarried in 1477 in Rome on a supposed pilgrimage to the Holy Land. John Butler was succeeded by his brother, Thomas Butler, 7^th Earl of Ormond.[53]

Thomas Butler had English lands of his own via his wife, Anne (marry 1445), daughter and co-heir of Sir Richard Hankeford. This English estate consisted of two manors in Somerset, one in Cornwall and twenty-seven manors in Devon. When Thomas Butler died in 1515 his English lands were inherited by his two daughters, Anne (James St. Leger) and Margaret (wife of Sir William Boleyn, grandfather of Anne Boleyn, onetime Queen of England). In 1529 Margaret’s son, Thomas Boleyn was created Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond.[54]

Conclusion

The English estates of the Earl of Ormond was substantial and even though much of the estate was lost by backing the Lancastrian side in the War of the Roses, the estate had influence the Butler family over the succeeding generations after 1461 to make the family one of the chief supporters of the English cause in Ireland. If other Irish families like that of Condon of Co. Cork had a chance to develop their English estates, then medieval Ireland may have been more English than it was, and the Tudor re-conquest may never have been needed. The Protestant reformation may have gain more converts in Ireland than it then and Ireland would have had a different history. Such are the opportunities of history, they come but once and pass on, never to come again and all is changed, changed utterly.

=================

End of post

=================

---

[1] C.E.C. Cockeye, The Complete Peerage (Alan Sutton, 1987), Vol. X, pp. 128, 129

[2] C.E.C. Cockeye, The Complete Peerage, Vol. X, pp. 125, 126, 127

[3] C.E.C. Cockeye, The Complete Peerage, Vol. X, p. 129, note b

[4] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, 1422-1485 (Boydell Press & National Archives, 2003), no. 264

[5] Paul Dryburgh & Brendan Smith, ‘Calendar of documents relating to medieval Ireland in the series of Ancient Deeds in the National Archives of the United Kingdom’, in Analecta Hibernica, no. 39 (2006), p. 12

[6] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 264

[7] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle (2 vols. Bristol & Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, Gloucestershire Record Series, vol. 18, 2004), vol. II, p. 924

[8] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 264

[9] http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/worcs/vol3/pp130-136 accessed on 3 July 2016

[10] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 264

[11] http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/worcs/vol4/pp208-212 accessed on 3 July 2016

[12] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 264

[13] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 924; J.E.E.S. Sharp (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume II, Edward 1 (Kraus reprint, 1973), no. 16

[14] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 265

[15] J.E.E.S. Sharp (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume II, Edward 1 (Kraus reprint, 1973), no. 16; Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 924

[16] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 265

[17] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 924

[18] J.L. Kirby & Janet H. Stevenson (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume XXI, 6 to 10 Henry V, 1418-1422 (Boydell Press & National Archives, 2002), no. 667

[19] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 265

[20] J.E.E.S. Sharp (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume II, Edward 1 (Kraus reprint, 1973), no. 16; Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 924

[21] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, p. 485

[22] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 266

[23] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 387

[24] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 924

[25] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 266

[26] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 387

[27] J.W.B. Chapman & Mrs. Leighton (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume VIII, no. 267

[28] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 925

[29] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, p. 454

[30] Edward A. Fry (ed.), Abstracts of Inquisitions Post Mortem for Gloucestershire, part V, 30 Edward 1 to 32 Edward III, 1302-1358 (British Record Society, 1910), pp. 113, 273

[31] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, p. 486

[32] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 923

[33] Edmund Curtis (ed.), Calendar of Ormond Deeds, Vol. II (Stationery Office, Dublin, 1934), pp. v, vi

[34] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, p. 454

[35] J.E.E.S. Sharp (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume VIII, Edward III (Kraus reprint, 1973), no. 663

[36] http://www.tollerporcorum.org/local-history.html accessed on 7 July 2016

[37] C.E.C. Cockeye, The Complete Peerage, Vol. 1, p. 248

[38] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 931

[39] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, pp. 72, 452

[40] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, pp. 111, 116, 200; J.E.E.S. Sharp (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume II, Edward 1 (Kraus reprint, 1973), no. 775; J.E.E.S. Sharp (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume III, Edward 1 (Kraus reprint, 1973), no. 634

[41] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 928; Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, pp. 331, 200

[42] Emanuel Green (ed.), Pedes Finium commonly called feet of fines for the County of Somerset, 1399-1483 (Somerset Record Society, Vol. XXII, 1906), p. 198

[43] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, pp. 930, 931; Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, pp. 104, 105, 331, 454

[44] Emanuel Green (ed.), Pedes Finium commonly called feet of fines for the County of Somerset, 1307 to 1346 (Somerset Record Society, Vol. XII, 1898), pp. 112, 241; Ibid, Pedes Finium of Somerset, 1399 to 1483 (Somerset Record Society, Vol. XXII, 1906), p.711; J.L. Kirby & Janet H. Stevenson (eds.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume XXI, 6 to 10 Henry V, 1418-1422, no. 263

[45] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 929

[46] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 931

[47] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 921

[48] Paul Dryburgh & Brendan Smith, ‘Calendar of documents relating to medieval Ireland in the series of Ancient Deeds in the National Archives of the United Kingdom’, in Analecta Hibernica, no. 39 (2006), pp. 7, 12

[49] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, 1461-1467, p. 431

[50] M.L. Holford (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume XXVI, 21 to 25 Henry VI, 1442-1447 (Boydell Press & National Archives, 2009), no. 210

[51] Rev. Oswald J. Reichel, Lt-Col. F.B. Prideaux & H. Tapley Soper (eds.), Devon feet of fines, Vol. II, 1272-1369 (Devon & Cornwall Record Society, 1939), no. 812, note 2;  http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/bucks/vol4/pp254-259 accessed on 11 July 2016

[52] C.E.C. Cockeye, The Complete Peerage, Vol. X, p. 129

[53] C.E.C. Cockeye, The Complete Peerage, Vol. X, pp. 129, 130, 131

[54] Bridget Wells-Furby (ed.), A catalogue of the medieval muniments at Berkeley Castle, vol. II, p. 921, 922