Medieval Record Sources in Printed Books and Articles

Medieval Record Sources in Printed Books & Articles

Compiled by Niall C.E.J. O’Brien

     As part of the Maynooth Research Guides for Irish Local History series of publications, Dr. Philomena Connolly produced a book called Medieval Record Sources (number 4 in the Maynooth series) in 2002. The publication was very fortuitous as Dr. Connolly died in June of 2002.

     An abbreviated version of the introduction said = “The introduction of English institutions to Ireland after the arrival of the Normans, and the close administrative ties that existed between the two countries during the rest of the middle ages resulted in a wealth of archival sources on both sides of the Irish Sea. This book serves as a practical introduction to these sources, in both manuscript and printed form, from the 12^th to the 15^th centuries. The institutions, central and local, which produced the records, are described and the records placed in their administrative context. Advice is given on the scope and limitations of the surviving sources, and special attention is paid to the existence of substitutes for the records destroyed in 1922 in the Four Courts fire. In addition to the records of central and local government, ecclesiastical records in Ireland and abroad are dealt with, as are the private records of major Anglo-Irish families. Information is provided on the existence of guides, lists and indexes which facilitate access to unpublished material in various record repositories”.

   

     In the footnotes on nearly every page Philomena Connolly gave the name and publication details of books and articles where printed manuscripts can be found. This article makes a list of those books and articles as a further aid to research in medieval Irish history. Dr. Connolly left out of her book references to the Annals and other printed manuscripts from the Irish side of Ireland and so these important sources are not listed here.

     Since 2002 other books and articles have been published containing printed manuscripts (in full or abstract form) such as Paul Dryburgh & Brendan Smith (eds.), Handbook and Select Calendar of Sources for Medieval Ireland in the National Archives of the United Kingdom (Four Courts Press, Dublin, 2005); Brendan Smith (ed.), The Register of Nicholas Fleming, archbishop of Armagh, 1404-1416 (Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 2003); and Peter Crooks (ed.), ‘The background to the arrest of the fifth Earl of Kildare and Sir Christopher Preston in 1418: a missing membrane’, in Analecta Hibernica, No. 40 (2007). Another source of medieval documents pertaining to Ireland to increase in popularity since 2002 is the various internet sites which have come online. The C.I.R.C.L.E. project on www.chancery.tcd.ie comes to mind among others. This site has reconstructed over 20,000 documents once produced by the medieval Irish chancery office and destroyed in their original form in 1922 or before that date.

     Dr. Philiomena Connolly was an archivist at the National Archives, Dublin and a leading authority on medieval manuscripts. She edited many medieval manuscripts in books and articles. I hope someday to produce a book of essays in her memory. 

Front cover of Medieval Record Sources by Philiomena Connolly

THE BOOKS

Anon, Chartae, privilegia et immunitates (Dublin, 1829-30)

Anon, Rotuli parliamentorum (7 vols. London, 1783)

M. Archdall, Monasticon Hibericum (London, 1786)

T. Astle & J. Caley, Calendarium Rotulorum patentium (London, 1802)

J.C. Atkinson, The coucher book of Furness abbey (2 vols. Chetham Society, 1886-1919)

G. Beachcroft and A. Sabin, Two compotus rolls of St Augustine’s abbey, Bristol (Bristol Record Society, 1938)

H.F. Berry, Register of wills and inventories of the diocese of Dublin… 1457-1483 (R.S.A.I. 1898)

H.F. Berry, Statutes and ordinances and acts of the parliament of Ireland, king John to Henry V (Dublin, 1907)

H.F. Berry, Statute rolls of the parliament of Ireland, reign of Henry the sixth (Dublin, 1910)

H.F. Berry, (ed.), Statute rolls of the parliament of Ireland, first to the twelfth years of the reign of King Edward the fourth (Dublin, 1914)

J.S. Brewer and W. Bullen, Calendar of the Carew manuscripts preserved in the archiepiscopal library at Lambeth (6 vols. London)

Eric St John Brooks, Register of the hospital of St John the Baptist without the new gate of Dublin (Dublin, 1936)

Eric St John Brooks, Knights’ fees in Counties Wexford, Carlow and Kilkenny (Dublin, 1950)

Eric St John Brooks, The Irish cartularies of Llanthony Prima and Secunda (Dublin, 1953)

R. Butler, Registrum prioratus omnium sanctorum juxta Dublin (Irish Archaeological Society, 1845)

Calendar of ancient deeds and muniments preserved in the Pembroke estate office, Dublin (privately printed, 1891)

Calendar of charter rolls … 1226-[1516] (6 vols. P.R.O. London, 1903-27)

Calendar of entries in the papal registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland (15 vols. HMSO)

Calendar of entries in the papal registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland (6 vols. Irish Manuscripts Commission)

Calendar of entries in the papal registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland, petitions (HMSO), vol. 1

Calendar of inquisitions miscellaneous, 1219-[1422] (7 vols. P.R.O. London, 1916-69)

Calendar of inquisitions post mortem, Henry III-[15 Richard II] (16 vols. P.R.O. London, 1904-74)

Calendar of the close rolls.. 1272-[1509] (47 vols. P.R.O. London, 1892-1963)

Calendar of the fine rolls… 1272-[1509] (22 vols. P.R.O. London, 1911-62)

Calendar of the liberate rolls… 1226-[1272] (6 vols. P.R.O. London, 1916-64)

Calendar of the patent rolls… 1232-[1509] (53 vols. P.R.O. London, 1891-1971)

William Carrigan, The history and antiquities of the diocese of Ossory (4 vols. Dublin, 1905)

Richard Caulfield, Rotulus Pipae Clonensis (Cork, 1859)

D.A. Chart, The register of John Swayne, archbishop of Armagh and primate of Ireland, 1418-1439 (Belfast, 1935)

Chartae, privilegia et immunitates (Dublin, 1829-30)

Mary Clark & Raymond Refausse, Directory of historic Dublin (Dublin, 1993)

M.V. Clark, Register of the priory of Tristernagh (Dublin, 1941)

Close rolls of the reign of Henry III … 1227-[1272] (14 vols. P.R.O. London, 1902-38)

Philomena Connolly, Irish exchequer payments, 1270-1446 (Dublin, 1998)

Philomena Connolly & Geoffrey Martin, The Dublin guild merchant roll, c. 1190-1265 (Dublin, 1992)

M.A. Costello, De annatis Hibernia (Dundalk, 1909)

J.C. Crosthwaite, The book of obits and martyrology of the cathedral of the Holy Trinity, Dublin (Dublin, 1844)

Edmund Curtis, Ormond deeds (6 vols. Dublin)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 36 (1904)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 26

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 35 (1903)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 36 (1904)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 37 (1905)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 38 (1906)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 39 (1907)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 42 (1911)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 43 (1912)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 44 (1912)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 45 (1913)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 47 (1915)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 53 (1926)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 54 (1927)

Reports of the deputy keeper of the public records of Ireland, number 55 (1928)

J.T. Gilbert, Calendar of ancient records of Dublin (19 vols. Dublin, 1889-1944)

J.T. Gilbert, Chartularies of St Mary’s abbey, Dublin (2 vols. London Rolls Series, 1884)

J.T. Gilbert, Crede mihi; the most ancient register book of the archbishop of Dublin before the reformation (Dublin, 1897)

J.T. Gilbert, Facsimiles of the national manuscripts of Ireland (4 vols. Dublin, 1874-1878)

J.T. Gilbert, Historic and municipal documents of Ireland (London, Rolls Series, 1870)

J.T. Gilbert, Register of the abbey of St Thomas, Dublin (London, Rolls Series, 1889)

J.T. Gilbert, A history of the city of Dublin (3 vols. Dublin, 1854-9)

J.T. Gilbert, Viceroys of Ireland (Dublin)

James Graves, A roll of the proceedings of the king’s council in Ireland, 1392-3 (London, Rolls Series, 1877)

Margaret Griffith, Calendar of justiciary rolls, 1308-14 (Dublin, 1956), volume 3

James Hardiman, The history of the town and county of Galway (Dublin, 1820)

T.D. Hardy, Rotuli chartarum … [1199-1216] (London, 1837)

T.D. Hardy, Rotuli litterarum clausorum... [1204-27] (2 vols. London, 1833-44)

T.D. Hardy, Rotuli litterarum patentium (London, 1835)

T.D. Hardy, Rotuli de liberate ac de misis et praestitis regnante Johanne (London, 1844)

R.J. Hayes, Sources for the history of Irish civilisation: articles in Irish periodicals (9 vols. Boston, Mass., 1970)

Historic Manuscripts Commission, report number 8, appendix 1

P.H. Hore, History of the town and county of Wexford (6 vols. London, 1900-11)

W. Hunt, Two chartularies of the priory of St Peter at Bath (Somerset Record Society, 1893)

Irish record Commission report 1811-1815

Irish record Commission report 1816-1820

Colm Lennon & James Murray, The Dublin city franchise roll (Dublin, 1998)

Lists and indexes, volume 11

Lists and indexes, volume 15

Lists and indexes, volume 35

James Lydon, (ed.), Law and disorder in thirteenth century Ireland (Dublin, 1997)

Paul MacCotter and K.W. Nicholls, The Pipe Roll of Cloyne (Cloyne Literary and Historical Society, 1996)

J. MacCaffrey, The Black Book of Limerick (Dublin, 1901)

Gearóid Mac Niocaill, Crown survey of lands, 1540-41 with the Kildare rental begun in 1518 (Dublin, 1994)

Gearóid Mac Niocaill, Na buirgeisi xii-xv aois (2 vols. Dublin, 1964)

Gearóid Mac Niocaill, The Red Book of the earls of Kildare (Dublin, 1964)

M.J. McEnery and Raymond Refausse, Christ Church deeds (Dublin, 2001)

Charles McNeill, Registrum de Kilmainham (Dublin, 1932)

Charles McNeill, Calendar of Archbishop Alen’s register, c. 1172-1534 (R.S.A.I. 1950)

Charles McNeill, Liber primus Kilkenniensis (Dublin, 1951)

Charles McNeill and A.J. Otway-Ruthven, Dowdall deeds (Dublin, 1960)

James Mills, Calendar of justiciary rolls, 1295-1303 (Dublin, 1905), volume 1

James Mills, Calendar of justiciary rolls, 1305-07 (Dublin, 1914), volume 2

James Mills, Account roll of the priory of Holy Trinity, Dublin, 1337-46 (Dublin, 1891; new edition, Dublin, 1996)

James Mills and M.J. McEnery, Calendar of the Gormanston register (Dublin, 1916)

J.F. Morrissey, (ed.), Statute rolls of the parliament of Ireland, twelfth and thirteenth to the twenty-first and twenty-second years of the reign of king Edward the fourth (Dublin, 1939)

A.J. Otway-Ruthven, Liber primus Kilkenniensis (Kilkenny, 1961)

Patent rolls of the reign of Henry III. 1216-[1232] (2 vols. P.R.O. London, 1901-3)

Public Record Office of Northern Ireland, report of Deputy Keeper, 1928

W.G.H. Quigley and E.F.D. Roberts, Registrum Johannis Mey; the register of John Mey, archbishop of Armagh, 1443-1456 (Belfast, 1972)

W. Reeves, Acts of Archbishop Colton in his metropolitan visitation of the diocese of Derry, 1397 (Irish Archaeological Society, 1850)

W. Reeves, Ecclesiastical antiquities of Down, Connor and Dromore (Dublin, 1847)

Raymond Refausse and Colm Lennon, The registers of Christ Church cathedral, Dublin (Dublin, 1998)

H.G Richardson & G.O. Sayles, Parliaments and councils of medieval Ireland, volume 1 (Dublin, 1947)

H.G. Richardson & G.O. Sayles, The administration of medieval Ireland, 1172-1377 (Dublin, 1963)

H.E. Salter, Cartulary of Oseney abbey (6 vols. Oxford His Society, 1929-36)

G.O. Sayles, Documents on the affairs of Ireland before the king’s council (Dublin, 1979)

M.P. Sheedy, Pontificia Hibernica: medieval papal chancery documents concerning Ireland, 640-1261 (2 vols. Dublin, 1962-5)

Brendan Smith, The register of Milo Sweeteman, archbishop of Armagh, 1361-80 (Dublin, 1996)

Mario Alberto Sughi, Registrum Octaviani alias Liber Niger: the register of Octavian de Palatio, archbishop of Armagh, 1478-1513 (2 vols. Dublin, 200)

H.S. Sweetman, Calendar of documents relating to Ireland, 1171-[1307] (5 vols. Public Record Office, London, 1875-86)

Edward Tresham, Rotulorum patentium et clausorum cancellariae Hiberniae calendarium (Dublin, 1828)

J.C. Walton, The royal charters of Waterford (Waterford, 1979) [1992 edition]

N.B. White, Extents of Irish monastic possessions, 1540-41 (Dublin, 1943)

N.B. White, Irish monastic and Episcopal deeds AD 1200-1600 (Dublin, 1936)

N.B. White, The Dignitus decani of St Patrick’s cathedral, Dublin (Dublin, 1957)

N.B. White, The Red Book of Ormond (Dublin, Stationery Office, 1932)

Herbert Wood, A guide to the records deposited in the Public Record Office of Ireland (Dublin, 1919)

Herbert Wood, The court book of the liberty of St Sepulchre (Dublin, 1930)

THE ARTICLES

Obligations pro annatis in Archivium Hibernicum = Dublin and Kildare, No. 2 (1913)

Killaloe and Limerick, No. 10 (1943); Lismore and Waterford, No. 12 (1946); Ossory and Ferns, No. 20 (1957); Ardfert and Clonfert, No. 21 (1958); Elphin, No. 22 (1959); Cloyne, No. 24 (1961); Tuam, No. 26 (1963); Cashel and Emly in 28 (1966); Cork and Ross, No. 29 (1970)

Anon, “chancery fills in P.R.O., England” in Analecta Hibernica, number 31 (1984)

Anon, “Irish justiciar courts 1308-1377” in Irish Jurist, number 28 (1983)

Anon, “exchequer files in P.R.O. London” in Analecta Hibernica, number 1 (1930)

Anon, “List of Irish material on the memoranda rolls of Edward II” in Analecta Hibernica, number 36 (1995)

Anon, “Lists of Ancient Petitions” in Analecta Hibernica, number 34 (1987)

Anon, “Lists of Chancery Warrants” in Analecta Hibernica, number 35 (1995)

Anon, “Missing pages of the register of St John the Baptist without the new gate of Dublin” in R.S.A.I. Journal. Number 92 (1962)

Anon, “Records of the wardship of Galway” in Analecta Hibernica, number 14 (1944)

H.F. Berry, “Ancient charters in the Liber Albus Ossoriensis” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 27 (1908-09)

H.F. Berry, “Some ancient deeds of the parishes of St Catherine and St James, Dublin, 1296-1743” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 35 (1918-20)

H.F. Berry, “Some ancient deeds of the parishes of St Werburgh, Dublin, 1243-1676” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 35 (1918-20)

William Betham, “On the account of Thomas de Chaddisworth, custodee of the temporalities of the archbishop of Dublin from 1221 to 1256 [recte 1271 to 1276] from the great roll of the pipe” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 5 (1850-53)

Martin J. Blake, “Knockmoy abbey, otherwise called the monastery of the Hill of Victory” in Galway Arch Society Journal, number 1 (1900)

Martin J. Blake, “Ballintubber abbey, Co. Mayo: notes on its history” in Galway Arch Society Journal, number 3 (1904)

Martin J. Blake, “An old rental of Cong abbey” in R.S.A.I. Journal. Number 35 (1905)

Martin J. Blake, “The obituary book of the Franciscan monastery at Galway” in Galway Arch Society Journal, number 6 (1910)

E. Bolster, “A landgable roll of Cork city” in Collective Hibernica, volume 13 (1970)

Eric St John Brooks, “Unpublished charters relating to Ireland from the archives of the city of Exeter” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 43 (1936)

Eric St John Brooks, “Irish possessions of St Thomas of Acre” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 58 (1956)

Eric St John Brooks, “The sources for medieval Anglo-Irish history”; and Aubrey Gwynn, “Bibliographical note on medieval Anglo-Irish history” in Historical Studies, number 1 (1958)

C. Burns, “Papal letters of Clement VII (1378-94) relating to Ireland and England” in collective Hibernica, number 24 (1982)

C.M. Butler & J.H. Bernard, “The charters of the Cistercian abbey of Duiske” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 35 (1918)

A. Coleman, “Registrum monasterii fratrum predicatorum de Athenry” in Archivium Hibernica, number 1 (1912)

Philomena Connolly, “The Irish memoranda rolls: some unexplored aspects” in Irish Economic and Social History, number 3 (1970)

Edmund Curtis, “Sheriff’s account of the honour of Dungarvan, of Tweskard in Ulster and of Co. Waterford, 1261-3” in Royal Irish Academy proceedings, number 39 (1929-30)

Edmund Curtis, “Sheriff’s account for Co. Tipperary, 1275-6” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 42 (1934-5)

Edmund Curtis, “Feudal charters of the de Burgo lordship of Connacht, 1227-1325” in Feil-sgribhinn Eoin Mhic Neill (1940)

Oliver Davis & D.B. Quinn, “the Irish pipe roll of 14 John, 1211-12” in Ulster Journal of Archaeology 3^rd series, number 4, supplement, 1941

Brian C. Donovan and David Edwards, “British sources for Irish history before 1485” in Analecta Hibernica, number 37 (1998)

Elizabeth Dowse & Margaret Murphy, “Rotulmus clauses de anno 48 Edward III – a reconstruction” in Analecta Hibernica, number 35 (1992)

P.J. Dunning, “Letters of Pope Innocent III to Ireland; a calendar” in Archivium Hibernicum, number 23 (1947)

S.G. Ellis, “medieval plea rolls for 19 Edward IV (1479-80)” in Analecta Hibernica, number 31 (1984)

S.G. Ellis, “Parliaments and great councils, 1483-99: addenda and corrigenda” in Analecta Hibernica, number 29 (1980)

J.F. Ferguson, “Ancient exchequer accounts of Ulster” in U.J.A., volume 3 (1855)

Robin Frame, “Commissions of the peace in Ireland, 1302-1461” in Analecta Hibernica, number 35 (1992)

J.T. Gilbert, “Corporation records of Dublin and Kilkenny” in Historic Manuscripts Commission report, volume 1, appendix

J.T. Gilbert, “Corporation records of Waterford and Galway” in Historic Manuscripts Commission report, volume 10, appendix V

Aubrey Gwynn, “Some unpublished texts from the Black Book of Christ Church, Dublin” in Analecta Hibernica, number 16 (1946)

G.J. Hand, “Material used in “Calendar of documents relating to Ireland”, in Irish Historical Studies, volume 12 (1960), pp. 99 – 104

G.J. Hand, “The dating of the early fourteenth century ecclesiastical valuations of Ireland” in Irish Theological Quarterly, number 24 (1957)

M.J. Hearn, “Vatican archives as a historical source to c. 1530” in Archivium Hibernicum, number 39 (1984)

H.J. Lawlor, “A calendar of the register of Archbishop Fleming” in R.I.A. Proceedings, volume 30 (1912-13)

H.J. Lawlor, “Calendar of the Liber Ruber of the diocese of Ossory” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 27 (1908-09)

H.J. Lawlor, “Fragments of the lost register of Clogher” in Louth Arch Society Journal, number 4 (1916-20)

H.J. Lawlor, “A calendar of the Liber Niger and Liber Albus of Christ Church cathedral, Dublin” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 27 (1908)

J.F. Lydon, “A fifteenth-century building account from Dublin” in Irish Economic and Social History, number 9 (1982)

James F. Lydon, “Survey of the memoranda rolls of the Irish exchequer, 1294-1509” in Analecta Hibernica, number 23 (1966)

James Lydon, “The enrolled account of Alexander Bicknor” in Analecta Hibernica, number 30 (1982)

James Lydon, “The county of Uriel account, 1281-3” in Louth Archaeological Society Journal, number 19 (1977=80)

Gearóid Mac Niocaill, “missing page of the register of St John the Baptist without the new gate of Dublin” in Analecta Hibernica, number 8 (1938)

Gearóid Mac Niocaill, “Registrum cantariae Sancti Salvatoris Waterfordiensis” in Analecta Hibernica, number 23 (1966)

Charles McNeill, “The Gerrard papers at the Bodleian Library” in Analecta Hibernica, number 2 (1931)

Charles McNeill, “List of medieval contents in the Collectanea de rebus Hibernicis by Harris” in Analecta Hibernica, number 6 (1934)

James Mills, “Rental of the archbishopric estates of Dublin, 1382” in R.S.A.I. Journal, 4^th series, number 9 (1889)

Canice Mooney, “Letters of Pope Innocent IV relating to Ireland” in Collective Hibernica, number 2 (1959)

L.P. Murray and A. Gwynn, “Archbishop Cromer’s register” in Louth Arch. Society Journal, number 7 (1929-32)

L.P. Murray and A. Gwynn, “Archbishop Cromer’s register” in Louth Arch. Society Journal, number 8 (1933-36)

L.P. Murray and A. Gwynn, “Archbishop Cromer’s register” in Louth Arch. Society Journal, number 9 (1937-40)

L.P. Murray and A. Gwynn, “Archbishop Cromer’s register” in Louth Arch. Society Journal, number 10 (1941-44)

K.W. Nicholls, “The Episcopal rentals of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh” in Analecta Hibernica, number 26 (1970)

William O’Sullivan, “A finding list of Sir James Ware’s manuscripts” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 97 (1997)

A.J. Otway-Ruthven, “Anglo-Irish shire government in the thirteenth century” in Irish Historical Studies, volume 5 (1946)

A.J. Otway-Ruthven, “The medieval Irish chancery” in Album Helen Maud Cam, volume 2 (Louvain, 1960)

P.B. Phair, “A Calendar of Betham extracts” in Analecta Hibernica, number 27 (1972)

D.B. Quinn, “The bills and statutes of the Irish parliaments of Henry VII and Henry VIII” in Analecta Hibernica, number 10 (1941)

J.L. Robinson, “On the ancient deeds of the parish of St John, Dublin” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 33 (1916-17)

J.L. Robinson, “Churchwardens accounts, 1484-1600 for St Werburgh’s church, Dublin” in R.S.A.I. Journal, number 46 (1914)

“Seagrave deeds” in Analecta Hibernica, number 15 (1944)

J.C. Smyly, “Old deeds in the library of Trinity College” in Hermathena, number 66 (1945)

J.C. Smyly, “Old deeds in the library of Trinity College” in Hermathena, number 67 (1946)

J.C. Smyly, “Old deeds in the library of Trinity College” in Hermathena, number 69 (1947)

J.C. Smyly, “Old deeds in the library of Trinity College” in Hermathena, number 71 (1948)

J.C. Smyly, “Old deeds in the library of Trinity College” in Hermathena, number 72 (1948)

J.C. Smyly, “Old deeds in the library of Trinity College” in Hermathena, number 74 (1949)

H. Wood, “The muniments of Edmund de Mortimer, third earl of March, concerning his liberty of Trim” in R.I.A. Proceedings, number 40 (1931-2)

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The end of the interim report

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Morland vicarage and the lost book

Morland vicarage and the lost book

Niall C.E.J. O’Brien

Introduction

     The parish and church of Morland is situated on the edge of the Eden Valley in the old County of Westmorland. It is now within the modern County of Cumbria. The parish included the village and civil parish of Morland along with the villages and civil parishes of King’s Meaburn, Newby and Sleagill. [www. wikipedia.org/wiki/Morland,_Cumbria] Morland village is twelve miles south east of Penrith in the old County of Westmorland.

Map of the general area with Morland in the centre.

     The parish was a vicarage in the Diocese of Carlisle. For administrative purposes it was part of the deanery of Westmorland. The parish paid 4 shillings in spiritual dues to the Bishop of Carlisle. This was the average payment for parishes in that deanery. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332 (Canterbury & York Society & Boydell Press, 1993), no. 678, note 1, 842]

     The parish was divided into a number of different manors, the majority of which were owned by Robert de Clifford in the second quarter of the fourteenth century. [J.E.E.S. Sharp (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem preserved in the Public Record Office (Kraus Reprint, Liechtenstein, 1973), no. 531] Another big landowner later in the century was John de Coupland. [J.B.W. Chapman (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem preserved in the Public Record Office (Kraus Reprint, New York, 1986), no. 109] The present village of Morland is surrounded by rolling hills with cattle, sheep and cereal farms situated among small woods and forests. [http://www.morlandchurch.org.uk/morland/parish.htm]

     The parish church of St. Laurence lies in the centre of Morland village and the said village surrounds the graveyard on three sides. The church is unique in Cumbria in possessing a Saxon tower. This tower was built between 1041 and 1056. It was increased in height in 1588. The nave and aisles date from the early and late 12^th century, respectively. The chancel and transepts were added in the 13^th century. [www.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Laurence%27s_Church,_Morland]

Morland church tower [photo from Wikipedia - Church of St. Laurence]

Robert Boyvill, vicar of Morland

     The first vicar of note at Morland was Robert Boyvill. It is not known to this author when Robert was instituted as vicar at Morland. The Benedictine Abbey of St. Mary’s at York had the patronage of Morland parish along with six other parishes in the Diocese of Carlisle from ancient times. St. Mary’s was one of the richest abbeys in the north of England. [www.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Mary's_Abbey,_York]

     In 1329 Robert Boyvill, chaplain, was vicar of Morland but had grown tired of life in Westmorland County and the vicar’s life. He asked for an upgrade. A patent roll was issued on 22 February 1329 from the king’s office presenting Robert to the rectory of Bolton-in-Allerdale, Cumberland. [Calendar Patent Rolls, Edward III, 1327-1330, p. 378] The presentation of Bolton was then in the king’s hand after the forfeiture of the estates of Sir Roger de Mowbray who had joined the Scottish rebels. [Calendar Patent Rolls, Edward II, 1313-1317, p. 185] Henry de Appleby was then the rector of Bolton and an exchange of benefices was made. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 163]

     Robert Boyvill served for many years at Bolton church without any notice of complaint. The church was a valuable benefice as an inquest in 1342 reported its worth at £18. Robert Boyvill died on 8 February 1342 and was replaced by John de Whytrigg, priest, on the presentation of Sir Alexander de Mowbray. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, nos. 651-2] 

Henry de Appleby, vicar of Morland

     It is possible that Henry de Appleby was a local man or had local connections. A few miles to the east of Morland is situated the town of Appleby. A local item that Henry de Appleby would have been associated with was the font in Morland church. The ancient baptismal font is said to have been made around 1200. Even though the design and decoration of churches change over time people usually retain the old font from the church’s earliest days. In ways the baptismal font is the most important piece of furniture in a church. It is where new members join the church and where parents and others rejoice at the arrival of a new Christian into the world.

     On 19 October 1332 Henry de Appleby, vicar of Morland received a font of happiness in the form of a letter from John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle. Appleby had previously been cited to appear before the bishop or his commissaries on the charge that he was living in concubinage with Emma de Aula (Hall). This was contrary to the statutes of Otto and Ottobon if not to many other statutes. The same statutes said elsewhere that abbots or priors were not to allow their monks or canons regular to stay alone in manors or churches. They were to recall the single cleric or provide a colleague. Because it appears that St. Mary’s at York, the parish patrons, didn’t provide a colleague for Rev. Appleby, Bishop Kirkby must have concluded that all parties were at fault and decided to leave things as they were. Thus Bishop Kirkby’s letter absolved Henry de Appleby from appearing at the bishop’s court. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332 (Canterbury & York Society & Boydell Press, 1993), nos. 101, 677]

     Yet there was still a cloud hanging over Henry de Appleby. In the early months of 1334 Bishop Kirkby made a search of the register of John de Ross, his predecessor as Bishop of Carlisle. There he found the proper institution of Robert Boyvill as rector of Bolton and by similar conclusion found Appleby as the proper vicar of Morland. Bishop Kirkby then inscribed a certificate in his register confirming the proper procedure and lifting the cloud of suspicion from Appleby’s shoulder. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 163] 

     At the beginning of 1335 Henry de Appleby, vicar of Morland, informed John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle, that he was suffering from gout and was unable to continue at Morland. The cloud over his lifestyle and questions about his proper credentials to Morland made Appleby seek another benefice. The talking clerics in the diocese of Carlisle convinced Appleby that he didn’t just need a change of parish but a change of diocese. Thus an exchange of benefices was arranged with Robert de Bury, Bishop of Durham. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, nos. 247, 249] 

South transept of Morland church [photo from Wikipedia - Church of St. Laurence]

Richard de Havingdon, vicar of Morland

     On 27 January 1335 a presentation was made by Thomas, abbot, and the convent of St. Mary’s, York, of Richard de Havingdon, vicar of the prebend church of Darlington, to the vicarage of Morland. On 28 February in the vicar’s hall at Darlington, Richard de Havingdon appointed Robert de Elvyngton, chaplain, as his proctor in the exchange. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, nos. 246, 475, 248] 

     A few days later, on 4 March, in the vicar’s hall at Morland, Henry de Appleby appointed Henry de Scorweton, chaplain, as his proctor. This appointment was overseen by three witnesses, namely; Master Robert de Suthayk, official of Carlisle, John de Carletoun, dean of Westmorland and John de Hakthorp, notary. To have a notary in attendance was a big thing as the Diocese of Carlisle was very short of notaries. The near constant border wars with Scotland made Carlisle an unattractive place for notaries to practice. In 1342 Bishop Kirkby admitted that he couldn’t issue a legal instrument because he didn’t know where his register was. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, p. xiii, no. 249] 

     The two clerics then formally resigned their benefices to their respective bishops. On 10 March 1335 Richard de Havingdon, priest, was instituted as vicar of Morland. About the same time Henry de Appleby, chaplain, was collated as vicar of the prebendal and collegiate church of Darlington. On 11 March Bishop Kirkby issued a certificate to Bishop Bury of Durham that the exchange had been fully affected. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, nos. 252-6]

Episcopal visits

     In June 1336 Bishop John Kirkby visited Richard de Havingdon and Morland church. During that June Bishop Kirkby was issuing various letters relating to the parish of Wigton, Cumberland, and the patronage of the Abbey of Holm Cultram. Having spent the early half of the month at the manor of Rose in Cumberland, Bishop Kirkby travelled to Kirkby Thore church where he stayed on 17^th June. By 20^th June Bishop Kirkby was at Shap in Westmorland. The following day, 21^st June, Bishop Kirkby was at Morland. While there he issued a mandate to the archdeacon to induct the abbot and convent of Holm Cultram as rectors of Wigton. By 24^th June Bishop Kirkby was back at the manor of Rose. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, nos. 302, 308, 311] 

Morland church [photo from Wikipedia - Church of St Laurence]

     On 20^th December 1337 Bishop John Kirkby returned to Morland church to conduct a great number of ordinations. This was a big day for the vicar, Richard de Havingdon, and the local community. Eleven people were ordained as acolytes; seven people were made subdeacons while eight people became deacons. There were at least two people ordained as priests with the possibility of three or four more. The folio recording this event in the episcopal register is partly cut off at the place naming the ordained priests. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 425]

Richard de Havingdon as vicar 

     We have little direct information on what type of vicar Richard de Havingdon was but we can get an image of the man from later entries in the archives. It seems that Richard de Havingdon settled in comfortably to life in Morland because we find no document complaining about his conduct. Documents speaking bad things of people survive better in the archives than items of good news which still rarely enter the modern press.

Clerical work outside Morland parish

     As well as administrating to the parishioners of Morland, Richard de Havingdon was sometimes called upon to aid the administration of the diocese. On 9^th October 1336 Richard travelled to Appleby in Westmorland to attend a full chapter of clerics. The chapter of five rectors and seven vicars under the direction of the official of Carlisle discussed the resignation of the vicar of Barton and who was the proper patron. They found no pension or title disputes relating to the vicarage and approved the new vicar as a person of “good repute” and “suitable”. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 326]

     On 24^th October 1336 Richard de Havingdon was in Carlisle for a meeting of rectors and vicars from the deanery of Westmorland. Without waiting for a full chapter meeting four rectors and eight vicars met as a group to discuss the vicarage of Kirkby Stephen. The last vicar had died and St. Mary’s at York had presented a new vicar but another cleric occupied the vicarage by papal authority. The meeting found St. Mary’s to be the true patrons and that the new cleric was a priest of good repute. The financial position of the vicarage appeared to be in dispute but the meeting did not reach a finding on this. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 341] 

The lost book 

     It would appear that Richard de Havingdon was a vicar of good repute and a deeply religious man who sought out a better understanding of God and Christianity. He possessed a book called a Journal for saying canonical hours. This type of book was used by clerics associated with Durham where Richard first served. Richard valued this book highly and carried it everywhere he went. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 678]  Other clerics would have left this book in the parish church and gone off bird watching or other pursuits. At times Richard should have followed their practice.

    Sometime around 1342 de Havingdon travelled the narrow country road to Penrith on some business, a distance of about 12 miles. The modern country roads around Morland are possibly no wider than in Richard’s day. We do not know if Richard walked the journey or rode there or got a lift on a farmer’s cart. But somewhere along the road or in Penrith, Richard lost his highly possessed book. He searched high and low but it was nowhere to be found. With a heavy heart he returned home without his book.

     Later Richard de Havingdon told of his loss to Bishop John Kirkby with a mournful face. The diocese of Carlisle did not have many public notaries to record the episcopal registers in proper order but they did include extra details not usually found in other such registers. We can easily picture the scene of Richard with the mournful face. How often do we get such a face when we misplace something of value and have no idea when and where we lost it? [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, p. xiii, no. 678] 

     A book in 1342 was a very valuable item and not easily replaced. There was no local book shop or internet site from where Richard could buy a new copy. The printing press was still sixty years away from invention. In Richard’s time each book had to be individually copied by hand. A canonical book of hours like what Richard de Havingdon had would possibly also had fine illustrations accompanying the text and so make it more difficult to copy a replacement and costly.

     In response to Richard’s mournful face Bishop Kirkby sent out a notice to all deans, rectors, vicars, parish priests and celebrants about the circumstances of the lost book. It was ordered in all churches that those who found the book, or have gained possession by fraud and concealed it, were to restore it to Richard de Havingdon within eight days, under pain of excommunication. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 678] 

     We are not told if the book was ever found. The absence of any further reference to it in the register of Bishop Kirkby would suggest that it was recovered but as Mike Aston, of Time Team fame, said “The absence of evidence does not mean the evidence of absence”.

Professor Mike Aston

     The story of the lost book does provide us with a presence of evidence not previously known. The Oxford English Dictionary said that such a book called a Journal was used in Durham as a service-book in 1355-6. The story from Morland provides evidence of the book in use over thirteen years before our previous information. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 678, note 2] Thus a seemingly aside story in an episcopal register adds to our knowledge of books in a way that could not be possible by other means.

After the lost book

     We hear no more details on Richard de Havingdon after the incident of the lost book in 1342. An entry in the episcopal register records the vicar of Morland as attending a full chapter meeting at Crosby Garret in July 1345 to discuss a new vacancy in the vicarage of Barton. It is suspected that de Havingdon was still vicar of Morland at that time. [R.L. Storey (ed.), The Register of John Kirkby, Bishop of Carlisle 1332-1352 and the Register of John Ross, Bishop of Carlisle, 1325-1332, no. 806] Later registers of the bishops of Carlisle may continue the story but as yet I do not have them. May be someday one or two more guests may enter my library and we are writing again. But for now our story is concluded, if it can ever be said for a history story to be concluded, because there is always new material to be found to reinforce the story or change its character.  

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The end

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Professor James F. Lydon, M.R.I.A., biography and bibliography

Professor James Francis Michael Lydon:

 Biography and bibliography

Niall C.E.J. O’Brien

Introduction

On 25^th June 2013 Professor James Francis Lydon, M.A., Ph.D., D.Litt. M.R.I.A., of Trinity College, Dublin and former Lecky chair of Modern History at the college died. This article provides a short biography of his life along with a bibliography of his published works. Addition material is included to add a personal touch and appreciation.

Professor James F. Lydon, M.R.I.A.

Biography

James Francis Michael Lydon was born in 1928 as the tenth child of eleven children. His father was a baker while his mother was a native Irish speaker. As both his parents came from Connemara this inheritance was not out of place in 1920s Galway. His parents had a strong belief in their children having a good education. After finishing secondary school Lydon entered third level education at University College, Galway.

At U.C.G. he studied English and history and graduated in 1950 with first class honours. Lydon stayed in Galway to complete his master’s degree. He joined one of the oldest societies at Galway, The Historical Society (renamed An Cumann Staire in 2007) and was a suggested editor for a journal in 1953 but the project was never completed. In 1953 he gave a paper to a conference at Cork held by the Irish University History Student's Association. His teacher at Galway was history professor, Mary Donovan O’Sullivan.[1] Professor O’Sullivan had been Professor of History at U.C.G. since 1914.

A native of Galway Professor O’Sullivan displayed great merits at the Dominican College and secured a honours M.A. degree in modern languages at University College, Galway. Following sometime at the University of Marburg she returned to Galway where she took up a lecture position at the University. In 1914 she was appointed to the newly established chair of history. Professor O’Sullivan was a most diligent teacher and an extensive writer on national and local history. She was editor of the journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society from 1932 to 1951.

Professor O’Sullivan was highly regarded as a distinguished scholar and as a woman of independent mind.[2] She was a member of numerous academic and cultural bodies including member of the Irish Manuscripts Commission from 1943 to her death in 1966.[3] Yet in this busy life Professor O’Sullivan took was an untiring advocate of the causes of her students.[4] She recommended to young James Lydon that “Ireland's contribution to the military activities of the English crown in the thirteenth century might be a subject that would repay investigation”.[5] Her husband, Major J. O’Sullivan may have given encouragement for this suggestion but Professor O’Sullivan’s membership of the Military History Society of Ireland since 1950 also played its part.[6]

In pursuit of this inquiry James Lydon travelled to London where he attended the University of London. By day he read manuscripts in the Public Record Office and by night attended gatherings of the Institute of Historical Research. At the I.H.R. he was introduced to the great Welsh historian John Goronwy Edwards. They both got on “like a bomb” and developed a lifelong friendship. On his return to Galway in 1952 (to finish his masters) Lydon received a letter inviting him for a research fellowship by the I.H.R.

At the interview day a Tudor specialist asked what Lydon intended to study and on hearing of Irish involvement in England’s wars during the medieval period he dismiss the idea as nonsense. Professor Edwards (also on the interview panel) stepped in and dismissed the Tudor man and gave the fellowship.[7] By such an encounter an Englishman, a Welshman, and an Irishman came together to help open the door for Ireland, in the wider medieval world. Using the sources in the Public Record Office at Chancery Lane Lydon produced his thesis in 1955 entitled - Ireland's participation in the military activities of English kings in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.[8]

James Lydon’s mentor at London was Professor Sir Frederick Maurice Powicke. Professor Powicke taught at Belfast, Manchester and Oxford. At Oxford he made the University a leading centre in historical study. As a medieval historian Professor Powicke wrote numerous books but he also dealt with modern subjects like Bismarck and the Origin of the German Empire (1914). Professor Powicke had a few connections with Ireland apart from teaching at Belfast where he was Professor of Modern History for ten years. From 1949 he was a Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy.[9]

With a year still to run on his Travelling Fellowship from the National University of Ireland Lydon was told by Professor Powicke to travel Europe and see the people and places while staying away from archive libraries.[10] The “Grand Tour” opened Lydon’s eyes to the variety and richness of European culture and Ireland’s place and contribution to that experience. 

While away in England Lydon was not forgotten back in Ireland. Rather he was considered in be in a useful position to help further historical research about Ireland. At a meeting of the Irish Manuscripts Commission in November 1953 there was a big discussion among the members on how best to calendar medieval documents at the Public Record Office in London. Professor Otway-Ruthven suggested hiring an American scholar to go to London and edit the Irish material. Professor Dudley Edwards regarded this as a ‘piecemeal’ approach and that they should ‘plan out carefully the best approach to take’. He cited the organised system of the Calendar of Papal Registers as an example. Professor Mary Donovan O’Sullivan suggested James Lydon as a possible investigator of material at the PRO. She recommended such areas as the Irish Treasury Accounts of Edward II, the Exchequer Accounts in the Pipe Rolls, Ancient Correspondence, Ancient Deeds and Chancery Miscellanea.

Much of this large shopping list was left to the later work of Dr. Philomena Connolly but James Lydon did go to the British Museum in 1955 and 1956. There he edited and calendared material principally from the Pipe Rolls of Henry III.[11]

On his return to Ireland James Lydon took up a teaching position at U.C.G. where he taught history through Irish and English. In 1959 he was accepted for a junior lecturer position at Trinity College, Dublin. He soon advanced up the academic ladder becoming a full lecturer in 1962, a fellow in 1965, and an associated professor in 1969.[12]

Photo from John Hind postcards

In the late 1960s Professor James Lydon became general editor along with Margaret MacCurtain of The Gill History of Ireland project. The project envisioned the publication of a series of stand-alone books dealing with different periods of Irish history. The idea was conceived by T.W. Moody and R. Dudley Edwards. It was for Lydon and McCurtain to get the individual authors and see the project to publication. Professor Lydon wrote one of the volumes in 1973 called Ireland in the later middle ages.

In the preface to the volume by Gearóid Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, the general editors said that “The study of Irish history has changed greatly in recent decades as more evidence becomes available and new insights are provided by the growing number of historians … Diversity of analysis and interpretation is the aim … it is the hope of the editors that the series will help the reader to appreciate in a new way the rich heritage of Ireland’s history”.[13]

Professor Lydon had done more than most to make available the evidence of Ireland’s past. When as a student at Galway he went to the Public Records Office at the Four Courts, Dublin to search for medieval material he was told there was not such material. In 1966 Lydon’s survey of medieval documents in Ireland disproved this idea and his further research in London opened up the rich storehouses available for Irish medieval historians.[14]

In October 1980 Professor James Lydon succeeded Professor Annette Jocelyn Otway-Ruthven as Lecky Professor of Modern History at Trinity College, Dublin. The Lecky chair was established in 1913 from a substantial endowment made by the widow of the great historian of eighteenth century Ireland, William Edward Hartpole Lecky.[15]

England and Ireland in the Middle Ages: essays in honour of J. Otway-Ruthven, edited by James Lydon (1981)

As a lecturer Lydon used his drama skills acquired at Galway to make the barons and chamberlains of medieval Ireland come alive. When a name is put to dry statistics, the spirit of the human touch is made.

Professor Lydon did not believe that academia would produce the full history of Ireland all of itself. His “Grand Tour” of Europe had opened his eyes beyond the college gate. In the preface to his book The Lordship of Ireland in the Middle Ages, James Lydon wrote that “In many ways the real history of medieval Ireland lies in the localities and while some progress has been made in the study of different areas and the families in control, much still remains to be done”.[16]

The Lordship of Ireland in the Middle Ages by James Lydon (1972, 2003)

Outside of Trinity Professor Lydon was elected as Member of the Royal Irish Academy in 1967.[17] Membership of the Academy is recognition of academic excellence and one of the highest academic honours in Ireland. It also allows a person to place M.R.I.A. behind their name.[18] With this position he helped organise a meeting of the British Academy with the R.I.A. in 1982. The meeting helped to bring Ireland into the British history yet it also showed how Ireland was indispensable in studying British history.[19]

Professor Lydon was president of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland from 1981 to 1984.

On 3 December 1981 he joined the board of the Irish Manuscripts Commission. His name appears for the first time in the list of members published in January 1982 in Analecta Hibernica, No. 30 (1982). Also joining at that time were Nicholas Canny and Gearóid McNiocaill, both of University College, Galway (Lydon’s old university) along with David Harkness (QUB) and Donal McCartney (UCD). Professor Lydon remained a member of the Commission until 2006.[20]

In 1986 James Lydon appeared with thirteen other academics in the Consultative Committee for the Calendar of Papal Registers project. He was still on the Consultative Committee in 2005 with the title of Lecky Professor Emeritus since he had retired from the Lecky chair of History at Trinity College, Dublin in 1993.[21]

In 1988 the National University of Ireland honoured him with the degree of Doctor of Letters, which was conferred, fittingly, at Galway.[22]

Law and Disorder in thirteenth-century Ireland, edited by James Lydon (1997)

In 1974 Robin Frame remarked that “If at times Professor Lydon is provocative rather than measured, that may be no bad thing. In a sense it is the price we willingly pay for the sheer vigour of his thought and writing”.[23]

It is for others who knew Professor Lydon on a personal level, to judge if he merits the title of affection given at Trinity as given to his predecessor as Lecky chair (J. Otway-Ruthven), that of a great character. Professor James Francis Michael Lydon, M.R.I.A., died on 25 June 2013.[24]

Ar dheis Dé go raibh a anam.

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Bibliography of Professor James Francis Lydon

This bibliography of the works by Professor Lydon is far from absolute and errors and omissions may have occurred but it gives a good idea of his contribution to Irish history and medieval history in particular.

1954

‘The hobelar: an Irish contribution to medieval warfare’, in the Irish Sword, ii, 1954-6, pp. 12-16

1955

Ireland’s Participation in the Military Activities of English Kings in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Century, Ph.D. Thesis, University of London, 1955

‘The Irish Exchequer in the Thirteenth Century’, in Irish Committee of Historical Science, Bulletin, No. 18

1961

‘An Irish army in Scotland, 1296’, in the Irish Sword, 5, 1961-2, pp. 184-90

‘Irish Levies in the Scottish Wars, 1296-1302’, in the Irish Sword, 5, 1961-2, pp. 207-17

1963

‘The Bruce invasion of Ireland’, in Historical Studies, iv, edited by G.A. Hayes-McCoy, 1963, pp. 111-25

‘Richard II’s expedition to Ireland’, in the Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, xciii, 1963, pp. 135-49

1964

‘Edward II and the revenues of Ireland in 1311-12’, in Irish Historical Studies, xiv, 1964, pp. 39-57

1965

‘The Irish church and taxation in the fourteenth century’, in Irish Ecclesiastical Record, 103, 1965, pp. 159-65 [reprinted in Proceedings of the Irish Catholic Historical Committee, 1964 (1967), pp. 3-10

‘William of Windsor and the Irish Parliament’, English Historical Review, lxxx, 1965, pp. 252-67

1966

‘A Survey of the Memoranda Rolls of the Irish Exchequer, 1294-1509’, in Analecta Hibernica, 23, 1966, pp. 49-134

‘Three exchequer records from the reign of Henry III’, in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 45, C, 1, 1966, pp. 1-27

1967

‘The medieval English colony, c.1300-c.1400’, in The Course of Irish History, edited by T.W. Moody & F.X. Martin, Mercier Press, Cork, 1967, pp. 144-57

‘The problem of the frontier in medieval Ireland’, in Topic, 13, Washington, PA, 1967, pp. 5-22

1972

The lordship of Ireland in the middle ages, Gill & Macmillan, Dublin, 1972

1973

Ireland in the later middle ages, Dublin, 1973 (Gill History of Ireland, vi)

1977

‘The Braganstown massacre, 1329’, in the Louth Archaeological Society Journal, 19, 1977-80, pp. 5-16

‘The county of Uriel account, 1281-3’, in the Louth Archaeological Society Journal, 19, 1977-80, pp. 197-205

1979

‘The city of Waterford in the later middle ages’, in Decies, 12, September 1979, pp. 5-15

1981

England and Ireland in the later middle ages: essays in honour of Jocelyn Otway-Ruthven, edited by James F. Lydon, Dublin, 1981

‘Preface’, in England and Ireland in the later middle ages: essays in honour of Jocelyn Otway-Ruthven, edited by James F. Lydon, Dublin, 1981, p. ix

‘Edward I, Ireland and the war in Scotland, 1303-1304’, in England and Ireland in the later middle ages: essays in honour of Jocelyn Otway-Ruthven, edited by James F. Lydon, Dublin, 1981, pp. 43-61

1982

‘A fifteenth-century building account from Dublin’, in Irish Economic and Social History, ix, 1982, pp. 73-5

‘The enrolled accounts of Alexander Bicknor, treasurer of Ireland, 1308-1314’, in Analecta Hibernica, 30, 1982, pp. 7-46

1984

The English in medieval Ireland: proceedings of the first joint meeting of the Royal Irish Academy and the British Academy, Dublin, 1982, edited by James F. Lydon, Dublin, 1984

‘The medieval English colony (13^th and 14^th centuries)’, in The Course of Irish History, edited by T.W. Moody & F.X. Martin, Mercier Press, Cork, 1984, pp. 144-57

‘The middle nation’, in The English in medieval Ireland, edited by James F. Lydon, Dublin, 1984, pp. 1-26

1987

‘A land at war’, in A new history of Ireland, ii: medieval Ireland, 1169-1534, edited by Art Cosgrove, Oxford, 1987, pp. 240-74

‘The expansion and consolidation of the colony, 1215-54’, in A new history of Ireland, ii: medieval Ireland, 1169-1534, edited by Art Cosgrove, Oxford, 1987, pp. 156-78

‘The impact of the Bruce invasion, 1315-1327’, in A new history of Ireland, ii: medieval Ireland, 1169-1534, edited by Art Cosgrove, Oxford, 1987, pp. 275-302

‘The years of crisis, 1254-1315’, in A new history of Ireland, ii: medieval Ireland, 1169-1534, edited by Art Cosgrove, Oxford, 1987, pp. 179-204

1988

‘Lordship and crown: Llywelyn of Wales and O Connor of Connacht’, in The British Isles, 1200-1500, edited by R.R. Davis, Edinburgh, 1988, pp. 48-53

‘The Dublin purveyors and the war in Scotland, 1296-1324’, in Keimelia: studies in medieval archaeology and history in memory of Tom Delaney, edited by Gearóid Mac Niocaill & P.F. Wallace, Galway, 1988, pp. 435-48

‘The medieval city’, in Dublin through the ages, edited by Art Cosgrove, Dublin, 1988, pp. 25-45

1989

‘John de Courcy (c.1150-1219), and the medieval frontier’, in Worsted in the game: loser in Irish history, edited by Ciaran Brady, Dublin, 1989, pp. 37-46

1992

‘Obituary for Professor Annette Jocelyn Otway-Ruthven’, in Analecta Hibernica, 35, 1992, p. x

‘The Scottish soldier in medieval Ireland: the Bruce invasion and the galloglass’, in The Scottish soldier abroad, 1247-1967, edited by Grant Gray Simpson, Edinburgh, 1992, pp. 1-15

1994

‘Medieval Wicklow: “a land of war”’, in Wicklow: history and society: interdisciplinary essays on the history of an Irish county, edited by Ken Hannigan & William Nolan, Geography Publications, Dublin, 1994, pp. 151-89

‘Ireland and the English crown, 1171-1541’, in Irish Historical Studies, 29, 1994-5, pp. 281-94

1995

‘Nation and race in medieval Ireland’, in Concepts of national identity in the Middle Ages, edited by Simon Forde, Lesley Johnson & Alan V. Murray, Leeds, 1995, pp. 103-24

‘Obituary for Professor George Osborne Sayles’, in Analecta Hibernica, 36, 1995, pp. xv-xvi

1996

‘Preface’, in The Register of Milo Sweteman, Archbishop of Armagh, 1361-1380, edited by Brendan Smith, Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 1996, p. viii

1997

Law and Disorder in the Thirteenth-Century Ireland: The Dublin Parliament of 1297, Edited by James F. Lydon, Four Courts Press, Dublin, 1997, pp. 1-171

‘Ireland in 1297: ‘At peace after its manner’, in Law and Disorder in the Thirteenth-Century Ireland: The Dublin Parliament of 1297, Edited by James F. Lydon, Four Courts Press, Dublin, 1997, pp. 11-24

‘Parliament and the Community of Ireland’, in Law and Disorder in the Thirteenth-Century Ireland: The Dublin Parliament of 1297, Edited by James F. Lydon, Four Courts Press, Dublin, 1997, pp. 125-38

1999

The Making of Ireland: from Ancient Times to the Present, Routledge, London, 1999

‘Historical revisit: Edmund Curtis, A history of medieval Ireland (1923, 1938)’, Irish Historical Studies, 31:124 (1999), pp. 536–40

‘Preface’, in Registrum Octaviani, Alias Liber Niger: The Register of Octavian de Palatio, Archbishop of Armagh, 1478-1513, edited by Mario Alberto Sughi, 2 vols. Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 1999, p. xii

2001

‘Dublin in transition: from Ostman town to English borough’, in Medieval Dublin, II, edited by Sean Duffy, Dublin, 2001, pp. 128-41

2003

The Lordship of Ireland in the Middle Ages, 2^nd edition, Four Courts Press, Dublin, 2003

‘Preface’, in The Register of Nicholas Fleming, Archbishop of Armagh, 1404-1416, edited by Brendan Smith, Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 2003, p. ix

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Works of appreciation

1995

Colony and frontier in medieval Ireland: essays presented to J.F. Lydon, edited by Terry Barry, Robin Frame & Katherine Simms, London, 1995

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Accredits

In the acknowledgement page of nearly all history books (I have not seen every history book ever written and so can’t say “all” without using “nearly”) the author thanks various people for their help in bringing the book from an idea to the published product. Below I extract a few comments made in acknowledgements by a few authors as they thank people and make a special mention of Professor James Lydon. There may be other books that such be noted but I have yet to read “all” the history books: work in progress.

Mary D. O’Sullivan said “… while I am especially grateful to Dr. James F. Lydon, Trinity College, Dublin, for having so kindly placed at my disposal his as yet unpublished thesis for the doctorate of London University. This makes a notable contribution to the history of Anglo-Irish relations in the later Middle Ages. It was particularly useful to me in dealing with certain aspects of the export trade of Ireland in the thirteenth century”, in M.D. O’Sullivan, Italian Merchant Bankers in Ireland in the Thirteenth Century (Allen Figgis & Co. Dublin, 1962), p. 2

T.B. Barry said “I must acknowledge the stimulus and encouragement given to me by the then head of department [of Medieval History, T.C.D.], Professor Jim Lydon … “, in T.B. Barry, The Archaeology of Medieval Ireland (Routledge, London, 1987), p. xiii

Bernadette Williams said “I owe an immense debt of gratitude to Professor James Lydon, both for the exceptional supervision I received from him as a postgraduate student in Trinity College, Dublin, and in recent times for his infinite encouragement and valued friendship”, in Bernadette Williams (ed.), The Annals of Ireland by Friar John Clyn (Four Courts Press, Dublin, 2007), p. 7

Arlene Hogan said “I should also like to express thanks to Professor James Lydon, without whose initial encouragement I would not have returned to research … “, in Arlene Hogan, The Priory of Llanthony Prima and Secunda in Ireland, 1172-1541: Lands, patronage and politics (Four Courts Press, Dublin, 2008), p. 9

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Appendix

 Interview with Professor James Lydon by Sean Duffy in 1994 

http://www.historyireland.com/early-modern-history-1500-1700/interview-with-professor-james-lydon-31/


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The End

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[1] www.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Francis_Lydon accessed on 30 June 2013; www.cumannstaire.com/fograi/38-Passing-of-James-Lydon.php access on 2 July 2013 

[2] Gerard A. Hayes-McCoy, ‘Obituary of Mary J. Donovan O’Sullivan’, in Analecta Hibernica, No. 26, 1970, pp. xii-xiii

[3] Michael Kearney & Deirdre McMahon, Reconstructing Ireland’s past: A history of the Irish Manuscripts Commission (Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 2009), p. 172

[4] G.A. Hayes-McCoy, ‘Obituary of Mary J. Donovan O’Sullivan’, in Analecta Hibernica, No. 26, 1970, p. xii

[5] www.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Francis_Lydon accessed on 30 June 2013

[6] G.A. Hayes-McCoy, ‘Obituary of Mary J. Donovan O’Sullivan’, in Analecta Hibernica, No. 26, 1970, pp. xii-xiii

[7] Peter Crooks (ed.), Government, War and Society in Medieval Ireland: Essays by Edmund Curtis, A.J. Otway-Ruthven and James Lydon (Four Courts Press, Dublin, 2008), p. 34

[8] www.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Francis_Lydon accessed on 30 June 2013

[9] www.wikipedia.org/wiki/F_M_Powicke accessed on 30 June 2013

[10] www.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Francis_Lydon accessed on 30 June 2013

[11] Michael Kearney & Deirdre McMahon, Reconstructing Ireland’s past: A history of the Irish Manuscripts Commission, pp. 123-4

[12] Peter Crooks (ed.), Government, War and Society in Medieval Ireland: Essays by Edmund Curtis, A.J. Otway-Ruthven and James Lydon (Four Courts Press, Dublin, 2008), p. 36

[13] Gearóid Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings (Gill & Macmillan, Dublin, 1972), preface

[14] Peter Crooks (ed.), Government, War and Society in Medieval Ireland, pp. 36-7

[15] Peter Crooks (ed.), Government, War and Society in Medieval Ireland, p. 1

[16] James Lydon, The lordship of Ireland in the Middle Ages (Dublin, 1972, new edition, 2003), p. 7

[17] http://www.cumannstaire.com/fograi/38-Passing-of-James-Lydon.php accessed on 2 July 2013

[18] http://www.ria.ie/about/membership.aspx accessed on 2 July 2013

[19] Peter Crooks (ed.), Government, War and Society in Medieval Ireland, p. 39

[20] Michael Kearney & Deirdre McMahon, Reconstructing Ireland’s past: A history of the Irish Manuscripts Commission, p. 175

[21] Anne P. Fuller (ed.), Calendar of entries in the Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland (Stationery Office, Dublin, 1986), Vol. XVI, p. x; Anne P. Fuller (ed.), Calendar of entries in the Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland (Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 2005), Vol. XX, p. ix

[22] http://www.cumannstaire.com/fograi/38-Passing-of-James-Lydon.php accessed on 2 July 2013

[23] Peter Crooks (ed.), Government, War and Society in Medieval Ireland, p. 42

[24] www.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Francis_Lydon accessed on 30 June 2013